申请人:Sanol Schwarz-Monhein GmbH
公开号:US04297286A1
公开(公告)日:1981-10-27
The present invention is related to a new process for selectively preparing isosorbide-5-nitrate (1.4-3.6-dianhydrosorbitol-5-nitrate) by subjecting isomannide (1.4-3.6-dianhydromannitol) in an organic solvent or an aqueous-organic reaction medium to reaction with the equivalent amount of an acid halogenide or the anhydride of a benzene or naphthalene sulfonic acid possibly substituted by lower alkyl, lower alkoxy and/or halogen, of a perfluoro - lower alkane-sulfonic acid, of a lower alkanesulfonic acid or of a perfluoro - lower - alkanoic acid or with the equivalent amount of an acid halogenide of a carbamic acid or of sulphurous acid; subjecting the resulting isomannide-2-ester in the presence of a solvent and possibly with heating, to reaction with an alkali metal salt or an ammonium salt of a benzoic acid possibly substituted by lower alkyl, lower alkoxy and/or halogen or of a lower alkanoic acid; converting the hydroxy group in the 5-position of the resulting isosorbide-2-ester into the nitric acid ester group in manners known per se by reaction with nitric acid; and subjecting the resulting isosorbide-2-ester-5-nitrate to selective hydrolysis and/or reesterification in an organic or aqueous-organic solvent with an alkali metal hydroxide in manners known per se.
本发明涉及一种通过将异甘露醇(1,4-3,6-二羟基甘露醇)在有机溶剂或水-有机反应介质中与相当量的酸卤化物或苯或萘磺酸的酐反应,可能被较低烷基、较低烷氧基和/或卤素取代,全氟-较低烷基磺酸,较低烷基磺酸或全氟-较低-烷基酸的等量反应,制备5-硝基异山梨醇(1,4-3,6-二羟基山梨醇-5-硝酸酯)的新工艺;将所得异甘露醇-2-酯在溶剂存在下并可能加热的情况下,与苯甲酸或较低烷基、较低烷氧基和/或卤素取代的苯甲酸或较低烷基酸的苯甲酸的碱金属盐或铵盐等量反应;通过与硝酸反应将所得异山梨醇-2-酯中5-位的羟基转化为硝酸酯基,其方法已知;将所得的异山梨醇-2-酯-5-硝酸酯在有机或水-有机溶剂中通过已知方法进行选择性水解和/或重新酯化,与碱金属氢氧化物反应。