Hydrocarbon Activation. Synthesis of β-Cycloalkyl (Di)nitriles through Photosensitized Conjugate Radical Addition
作者:Anna Maria Cardarelli、Maurizio Fagnoni、Mariella Mella、Angelo Albini
DOI:10.1021/jo010400k
日期:2001.11.1
Photoinduced hydrogen abstraction from aliphatic cyclic hydrocarbons (C(5) to C(7), C(12), as well as adamantane) by triplet aromatic ketones in the presence of alpha,beta-unsaturated (di)nitriles offers a straightforward entry to the corresponding alkylated (di)nitriles via the alkyl radicals. Yields are moderate to good depending on the olefins structure (substitution in beta slows down the addition
Synthetic Radical Reactions Using Dibutylchlorogermane and Dibutylethoxygermane as Radical Mediators
作者:Katsukiyo Miura、Akira Hosomi、Kazunori Ootsuka
DOI:10.1055/s-2005-921927
日期:——
In the presence of Et3B as radical initiator, dibutylchlorogermane (1a) and dibutylethoxygermane (1b) reacted with bromo- and iodoalkanes at room temperature to give the corresponding alkanes in high yields. Hydrogermane 1a was more reactive than 1b. However, 1b worked as a better radical mediator in intermolecular radical addition of haloalkanes to electron-deficient alkenes.
In the presence of phenylsilane and a catalytic amount of indium(III) acetate, organic iodides added to electron-deficientalkenes in ethanol at room temperature. Both simple and functionalized organic iodides were applicable to this reaction. A plausible reaction mechanism involves the formation of indium hydride species by hydride transfer from silicon to indium and an indium hydride-mediated radical