Ester Cleavage by Cyclodextrins in Aqueous Dimethyl Sulfoxide Mixtures. Substrate Binding versus Transition State Binding
作者:Oswald S. Tee、Charles Mazza、Rafael Lozano-Hemmer、Javier B. Giorgi
DOI:10.1021/jo00104a014
日期:1994.12
The effects of DMSO on the kinetics of cleavage of m- and p-nitrophenyl alkanoates (mNPAlk and pNPAlk) by alpha- and beta-cyclodextrin (alpha-CD and beta-CD) in basic aqueous solution have been studied. For the two acetates addition of up to 60% (v/v) of DMSO increases rates but overall it has little effect on substrate binding, transition state binding, or the acceleration due to complexation. By contrast, in 50% (v/v) aqueous DMF these characteristics are greatly affected such that the normal difference in reactivity of the isomers is almost removed. The cleavage of mNPAlk and pNPAlk (C2 to C10) by the CDs in 60% (v/v) aqueous DMSO have very different chain length dependences for substrate binding and transition state binding, and there are significant changes from their behavior in water. Even though hydrophobic effects seem to be largely removed in 60% aqueous DMSO, and the difference between the reactivities of the isomers is reduced, reaction of mNPAlk proceeds through aryl group inclusion and that of pNPAlk through acyl group inclusion, as in water. The cleavage of m-tert-butylphenyl acetate is accelerated more in 60% (v/v) aqueous DMSO than in water because the solvent change weakens substrate binding more than transition state binding.
Gadosy, Timothy A.; Tee, Oswald S., Journal of the Chemical Society. Perkin transactions II, 1994, # 4, p. 715 - 722
作者:Gadosy, Timothy A.、Tee, Oswald S.
DOI:——
日期:——
Chain length effects in the cleavage of aryl esters by cyclodextrins. Different transition states for m- and p-nitrophenyl alkanoates
作者:Oswald S. Tee、Charles Mazza、Xian Xian Du
DOI:10.1021/jo00298a042
日期:1990.5
[EN] BENZIMIDAZOLE COMPOUNDS<br/>[FR] COMPOSES DE BENZIMIDAZOLE
申请人:FUJISAWA PHARMACEUTICAL CO
公开号:WO2004108686A2
公开(公告)日:2004-12-16
The present invention provides novel benzimidazole compounds of the formula (I): wherein each symbol is as defined in the specification, salts thereof and prodrugs thereof, which are useful in treating, for example, the diseases curable through decrease in blood sugar level.
Recyclable Hypervalent Iodine(III) Reagent Iodosodilactone as an Efficient Coupling Reagent for Direct Esterification, Amidation, and Peptide Coupling
作者:Jun Tian、Wen-Chao Gao、Dong-Mei Zhou、Chi Zhang
DOI:10.1021/ol301085v
日期:2012.6.15
hypervalent iodine(III) reagent plays a novel role as an efficient coupling reagent to promote the direct condensation between carboxylicacids and alcohols or amines to provide esters, macrocyclic lactones, amides, as well as peptides without racemization. The regeneration of iodosodilactone (1) can also be readily achieved. The intermediate acyloxyphosphonium ion C from the activation of a carboxylic acid