SAR studies of 4-pyridyl heterocyclic anilines that selectively induce autophagic cell death in von Hippel-Lindau-deficient renal cell carcinoma cells
作者:Muriel Bonnet、Jack U. Flanagan、Denise A. Chan、Edwin W. Lai、Phuong Nguyen、Amato J. Giaccia、Michael P. Hay
DOI:10.1016/j.bmc.2011.04.042
日期:2011.6
We recently identified a class of pyridyl aniline thiazoles (PAT) that displayed selective cytotoxicity for von Hippel-Lindau (VHL) deficient renal cell carcinoma (RCC) cells in vitro and in vivo. Structure-activity relationship (SAR) studies were used to develop a comparative molecular field analysis (CoMFA) model that related VHL-selective potency to the three-dimensional arrangement of chemical features of the chemotype. We now report the further molecular alignment-guided exploration of the chemotype to discover potent and selective PAT analogues. The contribution of the central thiazole ring was explored using a series of five-and six-membered ring heterocyclic replacements to vary the electronic and steric interactions in the central unit. We also explored a positive steric CoMFA contour adjacent to the pyridyl ring using Pd-catalysed cross-coupling Suzuki-Miyaura, Sonogashira and nucleophilic displacement reactions to prepare of a series of aryl-, alkynyl-, alkoxy- and alkylamino-substituted pyridines, respectively. In vitro potency and selectivity were determined using paired RCC cell lines: the VHL-null cell line RCC4 and the VHL-positive cell line RCC4-VHL. Active analogues selectively induced autophagy in RCC4 cells. We have used the new SAR data to further develop the CoMFA model, and compared this to a 2D-QSAR method. Our progress towards realising the therapeutic potential of this chemotype as a targeted cytotoxic therapy for the treatment of RCC by exploiting the absence of the VHL tumour suppressor gene is reported. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
A Versatile Synthesis of Novel<i>N</i>,<i>N</i>,<i>N</i>″-Trisubstituted Guanidines
作者:C. R. Rasmussen、F. J. Villani, Jr.、B. E. Reynolds、J. N. Plampin、A. R. Hood、L. R. Hecker、S. O. Nortey、A. Hanslin、M. J. Costanzo、R. M. Howse, Jr.、A. J. Molinari
DOI:10.1055/s-1988-27606
日期:——
N,N,N″-Trisubstituted guanidines (most of them N″-aryl-N-azacycloalkanecarboximidamides) are prepared in generally good yields by S-methylation of monosubstituted thioureas with methyl iodide in methanol or acetone and reaction of the resultant methyl carbamimidothioate hydroiodides with secondary amines in boiling tert-butyl alcohol or acetonitrile.