Synthesis and Antimicrobial and Toxicological Studies of Amino Acid and Peptide Derivatives of Kanamycin A and Netilmicin
作者:S. Kotretsou、M. P. Mingeot-Leclercq、V. Constantinou-Kokotou、R. Brasseur、M. P. Georgiadis、P. M. Tulkens
DOI:10.1021/jm00023a011
日期:1995.11
Amino acid and peptide derivatives of aminoglycosides have been obtained by substitution of the 1-N or 6'-N amino functions of kanamycin A and netilmicin via the temporary complexation of vicinal and nonvicinal amino and hydroxy functions by copper ion [1-N kanamycin A derivatives: L-Ala(Ga), D-Ala (6b), Gly (6c), L-Asp (6d), L-Ala-L-Ala (6e). 6'-N kanamycin A derivatives: L-Ala (3a), D-Ala (3b), Gly (3c), L-Ala-L-Ala (3e), L-Leu (3f). 6'-N netilmicin derivatives: L-Ala(9a), D-Ala (9b), Gly (9c), L-Asp (9d), L-Ala-L-Ala (9e)]. Characterization was made by FAB-MS, IR, H-1-NMR, and C-13-NMR. All derivatives were essentially inactive. The nephrotoxic potential of the derivatives obtained in sufficient quantities (3b,e and 9a-e) was assessed by measuring their inhibitory potential toward the activity of lysosomal phospholipase A(1) acting on phosphatidylcholine embedded in negatively-charged membranes. One compound, 6'-N-L-Ala-netilmicin (9a), showed a a-fold decrease of inhibitory potency compared to its parent drug. A conformational analysis revealed that it adopts two equally probable conformations and orientations when interacting with phosphatidylinositol. The first in which the drug lies parallel to the hydrophobic-hydrophilic interface, is similar to that of netilmicin. The second, in which the drug inserts itself in the bilayer across the hydrophilic/hydrophobic interface, is similar to that described for streptomycin, an almost non-nephrotoxic aminoglycoside.