LiN(SiMe<sub>3</sub>)<sub>2</sub>/KO<sup>t</sup>Bu-Promoted Synthesis of Isoquinolone Derivatives from 2-Methylaryl Aldehydes and Nitriles
作者:Peng Ma、Yuhang Wang、Jianhui Wang、Ning Ma
DOI:10.1021/acs.joc.3c00698
日期:2023.6.2
A convenient method is proposed for the synthesis of isoquinolone derivatives from 2-methylaryl aldehydes and nitriles through LiN(SiMe3)2/KOtBu-promoted formal [4 + 2] cycloaddition reaction, featuring high atomic economy, good functional group tolerance, and easy operation. It enables the efficient formation of new C–C and C–N bonds toward isoquinolones without using preactivated amides.
Exploration of the nicotinamide-binding site of the tankyrases, identifying 3-arylisoquinolin-1-ones as potent and selective inhibitors in vitro
作者:Helen A. Paine、Amit Nathubhai、Esther C.Y. Woon、Peter T. Sunderland、Pauline J. Wood、Mary F. Mahon、Matthew D. Lloyd、Andrew S. Thompson、Teemu Haikarainen、Mohit Narwal、Lari Lehtiö、Michael D. Threadgill
DOI:10.1016/j.bmc.2015.06.061
日期:2015.9
Tankyrases-1 and -2 (TNKS-1 and TNKS-2) have three cellular roles which make them important targets in cancer. Using NAD+ as a substrate, they poly(ADP-ribosyl) ate TRF1 (regulating lengths of telomeres), NuMA (facilitating mitosis) and axin (in wnt/beta-catenin signalling). Using molecular modelling and the structure of the weak inhibitor 5-aminoiso quinolin-1-one, 3-aryl-5-substituted-isoquinolin-1-ones were designed as inhibitors to explore the structure-activity relationships (SARs) for binding and to define the shape of a hydrophobic cavity in the active site. 5-Amino-3-arylisoquinolinones were synthesised by Suzuki-Miyaura coupling of arylboronic acids to 3-bromo-1-methoxy-5-nitro-isoquinoline, reduction and O-demethylation. 3-Aryl-5-methylisoquinolin-1-ones, 3-aryl-5-fluoroisoquinolin-1-ones and 3-aryl-5-methoxyisoquinolin-1-ones were accessed by deprotonation of 3-substituted-N,N,2-trimethylbenzamides and quench with an appropriate benzonitrile. SAR around the isoquinolinone core showed that aryl was required at the 3-position, optimally with a para-substituent. Small meta-substituents were tolerated but groups in the ortho-positions reduced or abolished activity. This was not due to lack of coplanarity of the rings, as shown by the potency of 4,5-dimethyl-3-phenylisoquinolin-1-one. Methyl and methoxy were optimal at the 5-position. SAR was rationalised by modelling and by crystal structures of examples with TNKS-2. The 3-aryl unit was located in a large hydrophobic cavity and the para-substituents projected into a tunnel leading to the exterior. Potency against TNKS-1 paralleled potency against TNKS-2. Most inhibitors were highly selective for TNKSs over PARP-1 and PARP-2. A range of highly potent and selective inhibitors is now available for cellular studies. (C) 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.