Stereochemistry in enzyme inhibition: synthesis and evaluation of enantiomerically pure 2-benzyl-3-formylpropanoic acids as inhibitors of carboxypeptidase A
摘要:
Both enantiomers of 2-benzyl-3-formylpropanoic acid were synthesized in five steps starting with hydrocinnamic acid and each enantiomer assayed for inhibitory activity against carboxypeptidase A to find that the (R)-form is 674-fold more potent than its enantiomer. The finding that the (R)-form which belongs to the L-series is mostly responsible for the inhibitory activity accords with the explanation that the present inhibitor is a transition state analog inhibitor because, as such, its stereochemistry should belong to the same series as that of the substrate, i.e., the L-series. The gem-diol form of the inhibitor generated in situ mimics the transition state in the catalytic process.
Stereochemistry in enzyme inhibition: synthesis and evaluation of enantiomerically pure 2-benzyl-3-formylpropanoic acids as inhibitors of carboxypeptidase A
摘要:
Both enantiomers of 2-benzyl-3-formylpropanoic acid were synthesized in five steps starting with hydrocinnamic acid and each enantiomer assayed for inhibitory activity against carboxypeptidase A to find that the (R)-form is 674-fold more potent than its enantiomer. The finding that the (R)-form which belongs to the L-series is mostly responsible for the inhibitory activity accords with the explanation that the present inhibitor is a transition state analog inhibitor because, as such, its stereochemistry should belong to the same series as that of the substrate, i.e., the L-series. The gem-diol form of the inhibitor generated in situ mimics the transition state in the catalytic process.
A renin inhibiting compound of the formula ##STR1## wherein X is N, O or CH; R.sub.1 is absent or a functional group; A and L are independently selected from absent, C.dbd.O, SO.sub.2 and CH.sub.2 ; D is C.dbd.O, SO.sub.2 or CH.sub.2 ; Y is N or CH; R.sub.2 is hydrogen, loweralkyl or substituted alkyl; Z is a functional group; R.sub.3 is loweralkyl or substituted alkyl; n is 0 or 1; and T is a mimic of the Leu-Val cleavage site of angiotensinogen; or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or prodrug thereof.
Rhodium-catalyzed asymmetric anti-Markovnikov hydroformylation of α-substituted acrylates/acrylamides has been developed. By employing the Rh/(S,S)-DTBM-YanPhos complex, a series of β-chiral linear aldehydes were obtained in high yields (up to 94% yield) and high enantioselectivities (up to 96% ee). The utility of this methodology is demonstrated by a gram-scale reaction and a concise synthetic route