Electrophilic components in the electrochemical acetoxylation of substituted arenes
摘要:
The mechanism of anodic acetoxylation of substituted arenes under conditions of undivided galvanostatic electrolysis in MeCN containing acetate is suggested and an important role of electrophilic components (AcOH or ZnCl2) catalyzing transformation of intermediate ipso-acetoxylated polysubstituted arenonium cations to corresponding ortho-acetoxylated arenonium cations, which give acetoxylation products after deprotonation, is experimentally proved.
Steric Control of Site Selectivity in the Pd-Catalyzed C–H Acetoxylation of Simple Arenes
作者:Amanda K. Cook、Marion H. Emmert、Melanie S. Sanford
DOI:10.1021/ol4024248
日期:2013.11
and a ligand to control siteselectivity in the Pd(OAc)2-catalyzed C–H acetoxylation of simple arenes. The use of MesI(OAc)2 as the terminal oxidant in combination with acridine as the ligand results in primarily sterically controlled selectivity. In contrast, with Pd(OAc)2 as the catalyst and PhI(OAc)2 as the oxidant, electronic effects dominate the selectivity of areneC–H acetoxylation.
The invention provides inhibitors of Wnt signaling that are useful as a therapeutic agents for treating malignancies where the compounds have the general formula I: wherein R1 to R7 and Z are as defined herein.
An object of the present invention is to provide a golf ball showing a great flight distance on driver shots. The present invention provides a golf ball comprising a spherical core and at least one cover layer covering the spherical core, wherein the spherical core is formed from a rubber composition containing (a) base rubber, (b) an α,β-unsaturated carboxylic acid having 3 to 8 carbon atoms and/or a metal salt thereof as a co-crosslinking agent, (c) a crosslinking initiator and (d) a carboxylic acid having 1 to 14 carbon atoms, provided that the rubber composition further contains (e) a metal compound in case of containing only (b) the α,β-unsaturated carboxylic acid having 3 to 8 carbon atoms as the co-crosslinking agent.
MODULATION OF NKT CELL ACTIVITY WITH ANTIGEN-LOADED CD1d MOLECULES
申请人:VACCINEX, INC.
公开号:US20170312356A1
公开(公告)日:2017-11-02
The invention is directed to methods of modulating an immune response in an animal, comprising administering a composition comprising one or more soluble CD1d complexes, in particular non-specific soluble CD1d complexes. Soluble CD1d complexes comprise a soluble CD1d polypeptide, a β2-microglobulin polypeptide, and a ceramide-like glycolipid antigen bound to the CD1d antigen binding groove, and in certain embodiments, an immunogen. The administration of compositions of the present invention affects the activity of CD1d-restricted NKT cells, and in particular, allows for multiple administrations without causing CD1d-restricted NKT cell anergy.