Electrochemical Cyclization of Dipeptides To Form Novel Bicyclic, Reverse-Turn Peptidomimetics. 2. Synthesis and Conformational Analysis of 6,5-Bicyclic Systems
摘要:
Novel, highly constrained, 6,5-bicyclic dipeptides (1-aza-5-oxa-2-oxoibicyclo[4.3.0]nonane ring skeletons, 2) have been synthesized by a one-step electrochemical cyclization from the dipeptides Boc-(S)-serine-(S)-proline-OMe (Boc-(S)-Ser-(S)-Pro-OMe, 3) and Boc-(R,S)-alpha-methylserine-(S)-proline-OMe (Boc-(R,S)-alpha-MeS-(S)-Pro-OMe, 12) in yields of 10-25% and 41%, respectively. The one-pot reaction uses selective anodic amide oxidation to generate an N-acyliminium cation which is trapped by an intramolecular hydroxyl group. The cyclization of Boc-(S)-Ser-(S)-Pro-OMe (3) to the 6,5-bicyclic skeleton 4 was highly diastereoselective, generating a new chiral center with an S configuration. This bicyclic compound was sufficiently stable to trifluoroacetic acid and anhydrous hydrofluoric acid for use in standard solid phase peptide synthesis methodologies. Oxidation of Boc-(R,S)-MeS-(S)-Pro-OMe (12) gave different results for each diastereoisomer. Cyclization only occurred for the S,S-diastereoisomer with very low stereoselectivity (6:4 ratio of diastereomers) at the newly-formed ring fusion. In terms of conformation, the 6,5-bicyclic system restricts two (psi(2) and phi(3)) Of the four torsion angles that characterize a reverse turn. Conformational analyses of tetrapeptides containing the 6,5-bicyclic system were performed using Monte Carlo conformational searches and molecular dynamics simulations. AU of the eight possible diastereomers arising from the three stereogenic centers (Ser C alpha, Pro C alpha, and newly formed bridgehead) were considered. These studies revealed that the 3S,7S,10S and 3R,7R,10R configurations are effective turn inducers although the torsion angles of the backbone do not exactly mimic those of classical beta-turns. Other diastereomers were found to stabilize the peptide backbone in an extended conformation.
Building Functionalized Peptidomimetics: Use of Electroauxiliaries for Introducing N-Acyliminium Ions into Peptides
摘要:
A series of silyl-substituted amino acids have been synthesized, inserted into peptides, and then employed as precursors for oxidatively generating reactive N-acyliminium ions. Both electrochemical and chemical oxidation procedures have been employed. N-Acyliminium ion generation in a solid-phase substrate as well as application to a small library of functionalized dipeptides has been demonstrated. Limitations in terms of how electron-rich the silyl groups can be as well as the compatibility of multiple silyl groups within a longer peptide are defined.
Highly Efficient Synthesis of Azabicyclo[<i>x</i>.<i>y</i>.0]alkane Amino Acids and Congeners by Means of Rh-Catalyzed Cyclohydrocarbonylation
作者:Wen-Hua Chiou、Nobihiro Mizutani、Iwao Ojima
DOI:10.1021/jo061692y
日期:2007.3.1
A highly efficient method for the synthesis of 1-azabicyclo[x.y.0]alkane aminoacidderivatives and their congeners by means of extremely regioselective cyclohydrocarbonylation (CHC) is described. The CHC reactions are catalyzed by Rh-BIPHEPHOS complex under mild conditions. These CHC reaction processes involve (i) an extremely linear-selective hydroformylation of the terminal alkene moiety of a dehydrodipeptide
Building Functionalized Peptidomimetics: Use of Electroauxiliaries for Introducing <i>N</i>-Acyliminium Ions into Peptides
作者:Haizhou Sun、Connor Martin、David Kesselring、Rebecca Keller、Kevin D. Moeller
DOI:10.1021/ja064737l
日期:2006.10.1
A series of silyl-substituted amino acids have been synthesized, inserted into peptides, and then employed as precursors for oxidatively generating reactive N-acyliminium ions. Both electrochemical and chemical oxidation procedures have been employed. N-Acyliminium ion generation in a solid-phase substrate as well as application to a small library of functionalized dipeptides has been demonstrated. Limitations in terms of how electron-rich the silyl groups can be as well as the compatibility of multiple silyl groups within a longer peptide are defined.
Electrochemical Cyclization of Dipeptides To Form Novel Bicyclic, Reverse-Turn Peptidomimetics. 2. Synthesis and Conformational Analysis of 6,5-Bicyclic Systems
作者:Urszula Slomczynska、David K. Chalmers、Fabrice Cornille、Mark L. Smythe、Denise D. Beusen、Kevin D. Moeller、Garland R. Marshall
DOI:10.1021/jo950898o
日期:1996.1.1
Novel, highly constrained, 6,5-bicyclic dipeptides (1-aza-5-oxa-2-oxoibicyclo[4.3.0]nonane ring skeletons, 2) have been synthesized by a one-step electrochemical cyclization from the dipeptides Boc-(S)-serine-(S)-proline-OMe (Boc-(S)-Ser-(S)-Pro-OMe, 3) and Boc-(R,S)-alpha-methylserine-(S)-proline-OMe (Boc-(R,S)-alpha-MeS-(S)-Pro-OMe, 12) in yields of 10-25% and 41%, respectively. The one-pot reaction uses selective anodic amide oxidation to generate an N-acyliminium cation which is trapped by an intramolecular hydroxyl group. The cyclization of Boc-(S)-Ser-(S)-Pro-OMe (3) to the 6,5-bicyclic skeleton 4 was highly diastereoselective, generating a new chiral center with an S configuration. This bicyclic compound was sufficiently stable to trifluoroacetic acid and anhydrous hydrofluoric acid for use in standard solid phase peptide synthesis methodologies. Oxidation of Boc-(R,S)-MeS-(S)-Pro-OMe (12) gave different results for each diastereoisomer. Cyclization only occurred for the S,S-diastereoisomer with very low stereoselectivity (6:4 ratio of diastereomers) at the newly-formed ring fusion. In terms of conformation, the 6,5-bicyclic system restricts two (psi(2) and phi(3)) Of the four torsion angles that characterize a reverse turn. Conformational analyses of tetrapeptides containing the 6,5-bicyclic system were performed using Monte Carlo conformational searches and molecular dynamics simulations. AU of the eight possible diastereomers arising from the three stereogenic centers (Ser C alpha, Pro C alpha, and newly formed bridgehead) were considered. These studies revealed that the 3S,7S,10S and 3R,7R,10R configurations are effective turn inducers although the torsion angles of the backbone do not exactly mimic those of classical beta-turns. Other diastereomers were found to stabilize the peptide backbone in an extended conformation.