N-Glycine-sulfonamides as potent dual orexin 1/orexin 2 receptor antagonists
摘要:
A series of dual OX(1)R/OX(2)R orexin antagonists was prepared based on a N-glycine-sulfonamide core. SAR studies of a screening hit led to compounds with low nanomolar affinity for both receptors and good oral bioavailability. One of these compounds, 47, has demonstrated in vivo activity in rats following oral administration. (C) 2008 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
we adopted 3-chlorobenzenesulfonyl derivative 20a as a lead compound for structural development. Among the synthesized compounds, 3-trifluoromethyl derivative 32 exhibited the most potent PR-antagonistic activity, with high binding affinity for PR and selectivity over androgenreceptor (AR). It is structurally distinct from other nonsteroidal PR antagonists, including cyanopyrrole derivatives, and
Nitrosoarenes as Nitrogen Source for Generation of Sulfonamides with the Insertion of Sulfur Dioxide under
<scp>Metal‐Free</scp>
Conditions
<sup>†</sup>
A metal‐free reaction of nitrosoarenes, aryldiazonium tetrafluoroborates, and sulfur dioxide under mild conditions is developed, giving rise to sulfonamides in moderate to good yields. This transformation proceeds efficiently at room temperature in the presence of cyclohexa‐1,4‐diene with a broad reaction scope. Good functional group compatibility is observed, including cyano, halo, and ester. A plausible
The role of about 20 different solvents in the crystallization of polymorphs for 13 N-phenyl benzene sulfonamides was studied. Five compounds (1, 2, 3, 7, and 11) are dimorphic, and one is trimorphic (6). All the crystalline solids were characterized by powder and single crystal X-ray diffraction, thermal analysis, hot stage microscopy, and IR and Raman spectroscopy. The phase transition from a metastable form to the stable form was examined visually for two compounds (1, 11) on a HSM and confirmed by differential scanning calorimetry and X-ray diffraction. The N-H center dot center dot center dot O hydrogen bond catemer (chain) and dimer (cyclic) motifs of the sulfonamide group were analyzed as the main difference between polymorphs of 1, 3, and 6. Weaker C-H center dot center dot center dot O interactions differentiate the molecular packing of other polymorphic systems. Accordingly, these crystal structures are referred to as synthon polymorphs. The occurrence of N-H center dot center dot center dot O catemer and dimer synthon in secondary sulfonamides is compared with crystal structures in the Cambridge database. The nearly equal probability of the dimer and catemer motifs for secondary sulfonamides (similar to 19%) is attributed to the possibility of making the catemer synthon via both anti and syn oxygen atoms of the SO(2)NH group, with the former acceptor being preferred in two-thirds of the cases.