A series of 3-(arylalkyl)-2,4,5-trioxoimidazolidine-1-acids (1) was prepared and tested for aldose reductase (AR) and aldehyde reductase (ALR) inhibitory activities. These compounds showed strong inhibitory activity against AR without significant inhibitory activity for ALR. The ratio of IC50(ALR)/IC50(AR) was > 1000 in some compouds. On the basis of pharmacological tests such as the recovery of reduced motor nerve conduction velocity and toxicological profile, 3-(3-nitrobenzyl)-2,4,5-trioxoimidazolidine-1-acid (NZ-314) was selected as the candidate for clinical development.
Direct cycle between co-product and reactant: an approach to improve the atom economy and its application in the synthesis and protection of primary amines
Important goals of green chemistry include maximizing the efficiency of reactants and minimizing the production of waste. In this study, a novel approach to improve the atom economy of a...
Sustainable Synthesis of Thioimidazoles via Carbohydrate-Based Multicomponent Reactions
作者:Marcus Baumann、Ian R. Baxendale
DOI:10.1021/ol502845h
日期:2014.12.5
The synthesis of diversely functionalized thioimidazoles through a modern variant of the Marckwald reaction is presented. This new protocol utilizes unprotected carbohydrates as well as simple amine salts as sustainable and biorenewable starting materials. Importantly it was discovered that a bifurcated reaction pathway results from using aldoses and ketoses respectively, yielding distinct reaction