Inhibitors of phenylalanine ammonia-lyase: 1-aminobenzylphosphonic acids substituted in the benzene ring
作者:Jerzy Zoń、Nikolaus Amrhein、Roman Gancarz
DOI:10.1016/s0031-9422(01)00425-3
日期:2002.1
Dextrorotatory 1-amino-3',4'-dichlorobenzylphosphonic acid was found to be a potent inhibitor of the plant enzyme phenylalanine ammonia-lyase both in vitro and in vivo from among the ring-substituted 1-aminobenzylphosphonic acids and other analogues of phenylglycine. A structure activity relationship analysis of the results obtained permits predictions on the geometry of the pocket of the enzyme and is a basis in the strategy of better inhibitor synthesis. (C) 2002 Published by Elsevier Science Ltd.
Tailoring the Structure of Aminobisphosphonates To Target Plant P5C Reductase
Using the structure of (3,5-dichlorophenyl)aminomethylenebisphosphonic acid as a lead compound, 25 new phosphonates were synthesized and evaluated as possible inhibitors of Arabidopsis thaliana delta(1)-pyrroline-5-carboxylate (P5C) reductase. Derivatives substituted in the phenyl ring retained the inhibitory potential, though to a different extent. On the contrary any variation in the scaffold, i.e., the replacement of the second phosphonate moiety with a hydroxyl or an amino residue, resulted in a significant loss of biological activity. The availability of several structures capable of interfering with the catalytic mechanism in the micromolar to millimolar range allowed a proper structure-activity relationship analysis, leading us to hypothesize about the steric and electronic requirements for maintenance or enhancement of the inhibitory properties. Reversal experiments with suspension cultured cells provided evidence for the occurrence of enzyme inhibition in vivo. Because in higher plants the step catalyzed by P5C reductase is shared by all pathways leading to proline synthesis, these compounds may be exploited for the design of new substances endowed with herbicidal activity.
Substituted phosphonic analogues of phenylglycine as inhibitors of phenylalanine ammonia lyase from potatoes
A series of phosphonic acid analogues of phenylglycine variously substituted in phenylring have been synthesized and evaluated for their inhibitory activity towards potato l-phenylalanine ammonia lyase. Most of the compounds appeared to act as moderate (micromolar) inhibitors of the enzyme. Analysis of their binding performed using molecular modeling have shown that they might be bound either in active