2,2'-bithien-5-yl(triisopropyl)silane | 1193633-99-6

• 分子结构分类: 有机化合物 - 有机杂环化合物 - 双噻吩和低聚噻吩
• 英文名称: 2,2'-bithien-5-yl(triisopropyl)silane
• 英文别名: Tri(propan-2-yl)-(5-thiophen-2-ylthiophen-2-yl)silane
• CAS: 1193633-99-6
• 化学式: C₁₇H₂₆S₂Si
• 分子量: 322.611
• InChiKey: UYONDACJOGZDDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N

计算性质

• 辛醇/水分配系数(LogP)：
  6.36
• 重原子数：
  20
• 可旋转键数：
  5
• 环数：
  2.0
• sp3杂化的碳原子比例：
  0.53
• 拓扑面积：
  56.5
• 氢给体数：
  0
• 氢受体数：
  2

反应信息

• 作为反应物：
  描述：

  2,2'-bithien-5-yl(triisopropyl)silane 在 iron(III)-acetylacetonate 、 ((phenylphosphanediyl)bis(2,1-phenylene))bis(diphenylphosphane) 、 三甲基铝 、 草酸二乙酯 作用下， 以 四氢呋喃 、 甲苯 为溶剂， 反应 15.08h， 以92%的产率得到C₃₄H₅₀S₄Si₂
  参考文献：
  名称：

  Iron-catalysed regioselective thienyl C–H/C–H coupling

  摘要：

  地方选择性噻吩-噻吩偶联可以说是有机电子材料中最重要的转化之一。一个理想有机合成的原型是通过切断两个C-H键来偶联两个噻吩基，这需要正式去除两个氢原子，通常需用氧化剂，这往往限制了合成效率和对氧化敏感底物（例如，供体和载流子传输材料）的多样性。在这里，我们发现二乙氧基草酸盐与AlMe3联用，在铁催化的C-H活化中作为一个双电子受体。我们描述了在温和条件下，使用铁(III)催化剂、三膦配体、AlMe3和二乙氧基草酸盐进行地方选择性噻吩C-H/C-H偶联的过程。通过优化配体，该高效催化系统加速了含噻吩单体的聚合，生成了具有多种电子供给π基元的均聚物和共聚物。这些发现表明铁催化在功能聚合物合成中的多样性，这种无处不在的金属的潜力至今尚未得到充分认可。 取代噻吩的偶联对导电聚合物的合成至关重要，但依赖于昂贵的钯催化交叉偶联。在此，地球丰度的铁和铝被证明可以催化地方选择性的噻吩C-H/C-H二聚反应，从而实现一系列π-共轭聚噻吩的合成。

  DOI：

  10.1038/s41929-021-00653-7
• 作为产物：
  描述：

  三异丙基氯硅烷 、 2,2'-联二噻吩 在 正丁基锂 作用下， 以 四氢呋喃 、 正己烷 为溶剂， 反应 1.0h， 以85%的产率得到2,2'-bithien-5-yl(triisopropyl)silane
  参考文献：
  名称：

  Thiophene/Thieno[3,2-b]thiophene Co-oligomers: Fused-Ring Analogues of Sexithiophene

  摘要：

  A series of six-ring oligothiophenes containing one to three degrees of ring fusion were assembled by a combination of metal-catalyzed Stifle cross-coupling and oxidative homocoupling reactions. The effect of position and extent of ring fusion on the electronic properties Was Studied by UV-vis absorption and fluorescence spectroscopies, and these data were interpreted in the context of TD-DFT computational analysis. Within each set of regioisomers, a slight red shift is revealed in the onset of the UV-vis absorption spectra when the fused-ring unit is located nearer to the periphery of the oligomer, indicating a narrower HOMO-LUMO gap. Incorporation Of the unit of ring fusion toward the interior of the oligomer results in a decrease in the longest wavelength emission maximum and I reduced Stokes shift, and is accompanied by all increase In fluorescence quantum yield.

  DOI：

  10.1021/jo902044a

文献信息

• Iron-Catalyzed C–H Activation for Heterocoupling and Copolymerization of Thiophenes with Enamines
  作者：Takahiro Doba、Rui Shang、Eiichi Nakamura

  DOI：10.1021/jacs.2c09470

  日期：2022.11.30

  C–H/C–H coupling via C–H activation provides straightforward synthetic access to the construction of complex π-conjugated organic molecules. The palladium-catalyzed Fujiwara–Moritani (FM) coupling between an arene and an electron-deficient olefin presents an early example but is not applicable to enamines such as N-vinylcarbazoles and N-vinylindoles. We report herein iron-catalyzed C–H/C–H heterocoupling

  通过 C-H 活化的 C-H/C-H 偶联为构建复杂的 π-共轭有机分子提供了直接的合成方法。芳烃和缺电子烯烃之间钯催化的 Fujiwara-Moritani (FM) 偶联是一个早期的例子，但不适用于N-乙烯基咔唑和N-乙烯基吲哚等烯胺。我们在此报道了铁催化的烯胺和噻吩之间的 C-H/C-H 杂偶联及其在以草酸二乙酯为氧化剂和 AlMe 3共聚双塞胺和双噻吩中的应用作为基础，由于我们意识到 Pd(II)/Pd(0) 催化循环的高氧化还原电位对氧化 C-H/C-H 偶联的合成限制可以通过使用铁来规避, 具有较低的 Fe(III)/Fe(I) 氧化还原电位。三膦配体为铁提供配位环境，以实现反应的区域选择性、立体选择性和化学选择性。该反应包括通过σ键复分解对噻吩进行C-H活化和随后由亲核烯胺加成到Fe(III)中心引发的烯胺C-H裂解，因此在机理和合成范围上不同于FM反应。通过新反应合成的共聚物具有一种新型的烯胺结合聚合物主链。
• Thiophene/Thieno[3,2-<i>b</i>]thiophene Co-oligomers: Fused-Ring Analogues of Sexithiophene
  作者：John T. Henssler、Xinnan Zhang、Adam J. Matzger

  DOI：10.1021/jo902044a

  日期：2009.12.4

  A series of six-ring oligothiophenes containing one to three degrees of ring fusion were assembled by a combination of metal-catalyzed Stifle cross-coupling and oxidative homocoupling reactions. The effect of position and extent of ring fusion on the electronic properties Was Studied by UV-vis absorption and fluorescence spectroscopies, and these data were interpreted in the context of TD-DFT computational analysis. Within each set of regioisomers, a slight red shift is revealed in the onset of the UV-vis absorption spectra when the fused-ring unit is located nearer to the periphery of the oligomer, indicating a narrower HOMO-LUMO gap. Incorporation Of the unit of ring fusion toward the interior of the oligomer results in a decrease in the longest wavelength emission maximum and I reduced Stokes shift, and is accompanied by all increase In fluorescence quantum yield.
• Iron-catalysed regioselective thienyl C–H/C–H coupling
  作者：Takahiro Doba、Laurean Ilies、Wataru Sato、Rui Shang、Eiichi Nakamura

  DOI：10.1038/s41929-021-00653-7

  日期：——

  Regioselective thienyl–thienyl coupling is arguably one of the most important transformations for organic electronic materials. A prototype of ideal organic synthesis to couple two thienyl groups by cutting two C–H bonds requires formal removal of two hydrogen atoms with an oxidant, which often limits the synthetic efficiency and versatility for oxidation-sensitive substrates (for example, donor and hole-transporting materials). Here, we found that diethyl oxalate, used together with AlMe3, acts as a two-electron acceptor in an iron-catalysed C–H activation. We describe the regioselective thienyl C–H/C–H coupling with an iron(III) catalyst, a trisphosphine ligand, AlMe3 and diethyl oxalate under mild conditions. The efficient catalytic system accelerated by ligand optimization polymerizes thiophene-containing monomers into homo- and copolymers bearing a variety of electron-donative π motifs. The findings suggest the versatility of iron catalysis for the synthesis of functional polymers, for which the potential of this ubiquitous metal has so far not been fully appreciated. The coupling of substituted thiophenes is central to the synthesis of conducting polymers but relies on costly Pd-catalysed cross-couplings. Here, Earth-abundant iron and aluminium are shown to catalyse a regioselective thienyl C–H/C–H dimerization, enabling the synthesis of an array of π-conjugated polythiophenes.

  地方选择性噻吩-噻吩偶联可以说是有机电子材料中最重要的转化之一。一个理想有机合成的原型是通过切断两个C-H键来偶联两个噻吩基，这需要正式去除两个氢原子，通常需用氧化剂，这往往限制了合成效率和对氧化敏感底物（例如，供体和载流子传输材料）的多样性。在这里，我们发现二乙氧基草酸盐与AlMe3联用，在铁催化的C-H活化中作为一个双电子受体。我们描述了在温和条件下，使用铁(III)催化剂、三膦配体、AlMe3和二乙氧基草酸盐进行地方选择性噻吩C-H/C-H偶联的过程。通过优化配体，该高效催化系统加速了含噻吩单体的聚合，生成了具有多种电子供给π基元的均聚物和共聚物。这些发现表明铁催化在功能聚合物合成中的多样性，这种无处不在的金属的潜力至今尚未得到充分认可。 取代噻吩的偶联对导电聚合物的合成至关重要，但依赖于昂贵的钯催化交叉偶联。在此，地球丰度的铁和铝被证明可以催化地方选择性的噻吩C-H/C-H二聚反应，从而实现一系列π-共轭聚噻吩的合成。