Modulation of estrogen-related receptors subtype selectivity: Conversion of an ERRβ/γ selective agonist to ERRα/β/γ pan agonists
摘要:
Estrogen Related Receptors (ERRs) are key regulators of energy homeostasis and play important role in the etiology of metabolic disorders, skeletal muscle related disorders, and neurodegenerative diseases. Among the three ERR isoforms, ERR alpha emerged as a potential drug target for metabolic and neurodegenerative diseases. Although ERR beta/gamma selective agonist chemical tools have been identified, there are no chemical tools that effectively target ERR alpha agonism. We successfully engineered high affinity ERR alpha agonism into a chemical scaffold that displays selective ERR beta/gamma agonist activity (GSK4716), providing novel ERR alpha/beta/gamma pan agonists that can be used as tools to probe the physiological roles of these nuclear receptors. We identified the structural requirements to enhance selectivity toward ERR alpha. Molecular modeling shows that our novel modulators have favorable binding modes in the LBP of ERR alpha and can induce conformational changes where Phe328 that originally occupies the pocket is dislocated to accommodate the ligands in a rather small cavity. The best agonists up-regulated the expression of target genes PGC-1 alpha and PGC-1 beta, which are necessary to achieve maximal mitochondrial biogenesis. Moreover, they increased the mRNA levels of PDK4, which play an important role in energy homeostasis.
Stereocontrol in Synthesis of Homoallylic Amines. Syn Selective Direct Allylation of Hydrazones with Allylboronic Acids
作者:Arindam Das、Rauful Alam、Lars Eriksson、Kálmán J. Szabó
DOI:10.1021/ol501699x
日期:2014.7.18
Allylboronicacids directly react with acyl hydrazones, affording homoallylic amine derivatives. The reaction proceeds with very high syn selectivity, which is the opposite of the stereochemistry observed for allylboration of imines. The reaction can be carried out with both aromatic and aliphatic acyl hydrazones. Based on our studies the excellent syn stereochemistry can be explained by chelation
Autotandem Catalyst: From Acylhydrazones to <i>N</i>′,<i>N</i>′-Methylaliphatic Acylhydrazides via Transfer Hydrogenation/<i>N</i>-Methylation with Methanol Catalyzed by a Cp* Iridium Complex Bearing a Functional Ligand
作者:Shiyuan Luo、Xiangchao Xu、Peng Zhang、Qixun Shi、Xiaoguang Yang、Feng Li
DOI:10.1021/acs.orglett.2c03719
日期:2022.12.16
A new strategy for the synthesis of N′,N′-methylaliphatic acylhydrazides from acylhydrazones via transfer hydrogenation/N-methylation with methanol as both the hydrogen source and the methylating reagent has been proposed and accomplished. In the presence of [Cp*Ir(2,2′-bpyO)(H2O)] (1 mol %) and Cs2CO3 (0.3 equiv), a range of desired products were obtained in high yields. It was also confirmed that