Efficient and Green Route to γ-Lactams by Copper-Catalysed Reversed Atom Transfer Radical Cyclisation of α-Polychloro-<i>N</i>-allylamides, using a Low Load of Metal (0.5 mol%)
作者:Franco Bellesia、Andrew J. Clark、Fulvia Felluga、Armando Gennaro、Abdirisak A. Isse、Fabrizio Roncaglia、Franco Ghelfi
DOI:10.1002/adsc.201300132
日期:2013.5.17
The cyclisation of N‐allyl‐N‐substituted‐α‐polychloroamides is efficiently obtained through a copper‐catalysed activators regenerated by electron transfer–atom transfer radical cyclisation process, with a metal load of only 0.5 mol%. The redox catalyst is introduced in its inactive form as copper(II) chloride/[nitrogen ligand] complex, and continuously regenerated to the active copper(I) chloride/[nitrogen
通过电子转移-原子转移自由基环化过程再生的铜催化活化剂,可以有效地实现N-烯丙基-N-取代-α-聚氯酰胺的环化,金属负载量仅为0.5 mol%。氧化还原催化剂以其惰性形式作为氯化铜(II)/ [氮配体]配合物引入,并通过抗坏血酸连续再生为活性氯化铜(I)/ [氮配体]物种。为了保持催化剂的完整性,在每个再生循环后释放的盐酸已被碳酸盐淬灭。溶剂的选择至关重要,在乙酸乙酯-乙醇(3:1)中观察到最佳性能。