An alkylated oligosaccharide and an acetyl derivative thereof, both useful as the starting material for producing lowly toxic surfactants or medicines. The alkylated oligosaccharide is prepared by replacing with a linear or branched alkyl group the hydrogen atom of the hydroxyl group at the 1-position of a terminal sugar unit of either an oligosaccharide comprising glucose units bonded together through β(1→3)glycoside linkages or an oligosaccharide wherein galactose is bonded to the 4-position of the galactose moiety of lactose through a ,8-(1-4)glycoside linkage and further molecules of galactose are sequentially bonded to newly formed terminal galactose units each through a β(1→4)glycoside linkage. The invention also includes an acetyl derivative of the oligosaccharide, an alkylated oligosaccharide which is acetylated at any hydroxyl group other than the hydroxyl group at the 2-position adjacent to the alkyl ether linkage of a terminal sugar unit, and a mixture thereof. A heteropolyacid is used as a reagent in the reaction of an acetylated oligosaccharide with an alcohol.
一种烷基化
寡糖及其乙酰衍
生物,二者均可用作生产低毒表面活性剂或药物的起始原料。烷基化低聚糖的制备方法是用直链或支链烷基取代由
葡萄糖单元通过 β(1→3)糖苷键结合在一起的低聚糖或半
乳糖通过.8-(1-4)糖苷键与
乳糖的半
乳糖分子的 4 位结合在一起的低聚糖的末端糖单元的 1 位上的羟基的氢原子、8-(1-4)糖苷键与
乳糖的半
乳糖分子的 4-位结合,并通过 β(1→4)糖苷键将更多的半
乳糖分子依次结合到新形成的半
乳糖末端单元上。本发明还包括低聚糖的乙酰基衍
生物、烷基化低聚糖(除了与末端糖单元的烷基醚键相邻的 2 位羟基上的羟基以外的任何羟基都被乙酰化)以及它们的混合物。在乙酰化
寡糖与醇的反应中,杂多酸可用作试剂。