Negishi Cross-Coupling Reactions Catalyzed by an Aminophosphine-Based Nickel System: A Reliable and General Applicable Reaction Protocol for the High-Yielding Synthesis of Biaryls
作者:Roman Gerber、Christian M. Frech
DOI:10.1002/chem.201101037
日期:2011.10.10
05 equiv), dissolved in THF, in air at 25 °C forms a highly active catalytic system for the cross‐coupling of a large variety of electronically activated, non‐activated, deactivated, and ortho‐substituted, heterocyclic, and functionalized aryl bromides and arylchlorides with diarylzinc reagents. Very high levels of conversion and yields were obtained within 2h at 60 °C in the presence of only 0.1 mol % of
在25°C的空气中,用溶于THF的1,1',1''-(膦三基)三哌啶(≈2.05当量)处理NiCl 2的NMP溶液,形成高活性的催化体系,用于交叉偶联多种电子激活,未激活,停用和正交用二芳基锌试剂取代,杂环和功能化的芳基溴化物和芳基氯化物。在仅0.1 mol%催化剂(基于镍)的存在下,于60°C在2 h内即可获得非常高的转化率和产率,因此催化剂负载量远低于Negishi反应的镍催化形式的典型报道。各种可能含有三氟甲基,氟化物或其他官能团的芳基卤化物,例如乙缩醛,酮,醚,酯,内酯,酰胺,亚胺,苯胺,烯烃,吡啶,喹啉和嘧啶,已成功转化为相应的联芳基。在两个反应伙伴中都可以接受电子和空间变化。实验观察表明,分子(Ni I / Ni III)机制有效。
QUINUCLIDINE COMPOUNDS AND DRUGS CONTAINING THE SAME AS THE ACTIVE INGREDIENT