Sigma1 Receptor (S1R) is involved in oxidative stress, since its activation is triggered by oxidative or endoplasmic reticulum stress. Since specific aquaporins (AQP), called peroxiporins, play a relevant role in controlling H2O2 permeability and ensure reactive oxygen species wasted during oxidative stress, we studied the effect of S1R modulators on AQP-dependent water and hydrogen peroxide permeability in the presence and in the absence of oxidative stress. Applying stopped-flow light scattering and fluorescent probe methods, water and hydrogen peroxide permeability in HeLa cells have been studied. Results evidenced that S1R agonists can restore water permeability in heat-stressed cells and the co-administration with a S1R antagonist totally counteracted the ability to restore the water permeability. Moreover, compounds were able to counteract the oxidative stress of HeLa cells specifically knocked down for S1R. Taken together these results support the hypothesis that the antioxidant mechanism is mediated by both S1R and AQP-mediated H2O2 permeability. The finding that small molecules can act on both S1R and AQP-mediated H2O2 permeability opens a new direction toward the identification of innovative drugs able to regulate cell survival during oxidative stress in pathologic conditions, such as cancer and degenerative diseases.
Sigma1受体(S1R)参与氧化应激,因为其激活是由氧化或内质网应激触发的。由于特定的
水通道蛋白(AQP),被称为过氧化物通道蛋白,在控制
H2O2渗透性和确保在氧化应激期间废弃的活性氧物质方面发挥了重要作用,我们研究了S1R调节剂对AQP依赖性
水和
过氧化氢渗透性在有氧化应激和无氧化应激条件下的影响。通过应用停流光散射和荧光探针方法,研究了HeLa细胞中的
水和
过氧化氢渗透性。结果表明,S1R激动剂可以恢复受热应激细胞的
水渗透性,而与S1R拮抗剂联合给药完全抵消了恢复
水渗透性的能力。此外,化合物能够抵消对S1R特异敲除的HeLa细胞的氧化应激。综合这些结果支持抗氧化机制是通过S1R和AQP介导的 渗透性来介导的假说。发现小分子可以作用于S1R和AQP介导的 渗透性,开辟了一条新的方向,以便鉴定能够在病理条件下,如癌症和退行性疾病中调节细胞存活的创新药物。