Muscarinic Acetylcholine receptor antagonists and methods of using them are provided.
本发明提供了肌肉型乙酰胆碱受体拮抗剂及其使用方法。
Zinc Catalyzed and Mediated Asymmetric Propargylation of Trifluoromethyl Ketones with a Propargyl Boronate
作者:Daniel R. Fandrick、Jonathan T. Reeves、Johanna M. Bakonyi、Prasanth R. Nyalapatla、Zhulin Tan、Oliver Niemeier、Deniz Akalay、Keith R. Fandrick、Wolfgang Wohlleben、Swetlana Ollenberger、Jinhua J. Song、Xiufeng Sun、Bo Qu、Nizar Haddad、Sanjit Sanyal、Sherry Shen、Shengli Ma、Denis Byrne、Ashish Chitroda、Victor Fuchs、Bikshandarkoil A. Narayanan、Nelu Grinberg、Heewon Lee、Nathan Yee、Michael Brenner、Chris H. Senanayake
DOI:10.1021/jo400080y
日期:2013.4.19
modeling at the density functional level of theory. A water acceleration effect on the zinc-catalyzed propargylation was discovered, which enabled a catalytic process to be achieved. Reaction progress analysis supports a predominately rate limiting exchange for the zinc-catalyzed propargylation. A catalytic amount of water is proposed to generate an intermediate that catalyzes the exchange, thereby facilitating