Two alternative conformational states of α,α-dialkylglycyl-L-prolyl sequences governed by presence/absence of an NH group directly following the proline residue. X-Ray crystal and molecular structures of Boc-D-Iva-L-Pro-NHBzl and Boc-L-Iva-L-Pro-NHBzl
摘要:
The crystal structures of the isovaline-containing dipeptides, Boc-D-Iva-L-Pro-NHBzl 4 and Boc-L-Iva-L-Pro-NHBzl 5 were determined by X-ray diffraction. The diastereoisomeric peptides adopt intramolecular hydrogen-bonded beta-turn conformations closely similar to each other (4:phi(Iva) -51 degrees, psi(Iva) -38 degrees, phi(Pro) - 70 degrees and psi(Pro) -17 degrees and 5:phi(Iva) -53 degrees, psi(Iva) -35 degrees, phi(Pro) -72 degrees and psi(Pro) -14 degrees). The Pro ring of each peptide is in CY-exo conformation. These conformations are essentially the same as those in the reported crystal structures of the Aib-L-Pro sequence possessing an NH group directly attached to the carbonyl of the L-Pro, indicating that replacement of either one of the two methyl groups of the Aib moiety with an ethyl group does not cause any significant change in the beta-turn conformation of the Aib-L-Pro sequence in the crystalline state.CD spectral analysis of the terminal chromophoric group-carrying peptides Dnp-Gly-X-L-Pro-Gly-pNA (X = Aib 6 and D/L-Iva 7/8) has shown that these three tetrapeptides in CHCl3 and THF solutions also adopt a beta-turn-type conformation. CD spectra of glycolic acid residue-containing analogues in place of the fourth Gly residue revealed a lack of beta-turn tendency in these analogues, indicating the importance of intramolecular hydrogen bonding for the beta-turn conformation of the central dipeptide moieties. The results are consistent with the reported unturned crystal structures of Aib-L-Pro and D/L-Iva-L-Pro sequence-containing peptides tacking the NH group which directly follows the Pro residue available for intramolecular hydrogen bonding.
Synthesis of α-Hydroxycarboxamides from Acetonides of α-Hydroxycarboxylic Acids and Primary Amines
作者:A. Khalaj、E. Nahid
DOI:10.1055/s-1985-31460
日期:——
The reaction of acetonides of α-hydroxycarboxylic acids with primary amines on heating provides a useful synthetic route to N-substituted α-hydroxycarboxamides. In general, formation of the α-hydroxycarboxamides is favored by the presence of only small substituents on the acetonide, by sufficient nucleophilicity of the amine, and by high-boiling aprotic solvents.