Cleavable Cationic Antibacterial Amphiphiles: Synthesis, Mechanism of Action, and Cytotoxicities
作者:Jiaul Hoque、Padma Akkapeddi、Venkateswarlu Yarlagadda、Divakara S. S. M. Uppu、Pratik Kumar、Jayanta Haldar
DOI:10.1021/la302303d
日期:2012.8.21
emergence of infectious diseases caused by pathogenic bacteria. Toward this end, we have developed a set of cationic dimeric amphiphiles (bearing cleavable amide linkages between the headgroup and the hydrocarbon tail with different methylene spacers) that showed high antibacterial activity against human pathogenic bacteria (Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus) and low cytotoxicity. The Minimum
为了抑制由病原菌引起的传染病的广泛出现,迫切需要开发对细菌细胞具有比哺乳动物细胞高的选择性的新型抗菌剂。为此,我们开发了一套阳离子二聚体两亲物(在头基和具有不同亚甲基间隔基的烃尾之间具有可裂解的酰胺键),对人类病原菌(大肠杆菌和金黄色葡萄球菌)具有很高的抗菌活性。)和低细胞毒性。发现二聚体两亲物的最低抑制浓度(MIC)非常低,与单体对应物相比最低或相当。对于二聚体两亲物,发现MIC随着间隔子链长度的增加而降低(n = 2至6),并且在间隔子长度越高时再次增加(n> 6)。结果发现,具有六个亚甲基间隔基的化合物在所有两亲化合物中活性最高(MIC = 10–13μM)。通过荧光光谱,荧光显微镜和场发射扫描电子显微镜(FESEM),发现这些阳离子两亲物与带负电荷的细菌细胞膜相互作用并破坏膜完整性,从而杀死细菌。所有阳离子两亲物均显示出低溶血活性(HC 50)和对革兰氏阳性和革兰氏阴性细菌的高选择性。最活跃的两亲物(n