L-α-磷脂酰乙醇胺(牛肝) | 383907-31-1

• 分子结构分类: 有机化合物 - 脂质和类脂质分子 - 甘油磷脂
• 中文名称: L-α-磷脂酰乙醇胺(牛肝)
• 英文名称: 2-azaniumylethyl (2R)-2-[(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)-icosa-5,8,11,14-tetraenoyloxy]-3-(octadecanoyloxy)propyl phosphate
• 英文别名: 2-azaniumylethyl [(2R)-2-[(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)-icosa-5,8,11,14-tetraenoyl]oxy-3-octadecanoyloxypropyl] phosphate
• CAS: 383907-31-1；61216-62-4
• 化学式: C43H78NO8P
• 分子量: 768.1
• InChiKey: ANRKEHNWXKCXDB-BHFWLYLHSA-N

计算性质

• 辛醇/水分配系数(LogP)：
  10.5
• 重原子数：
  53
• 可旋转键数：
  41
• 环数：
  0.0
• sp3杂化的碳原子比例：
  0.77
• 拓扑面积：
  134
• 氢给体数：
  2
• 氢受体数：
  9

反应信息

• 作为反应物：
  描述：

  L-α-磷脂酰乙醇胺(牛肝) 、 氧气 生成 [(2R)-1-[2-aminoethoxy(hydroxy)phosphoryl]oxy-3-octadecanoyloxypropan-2-yl] (5Z,8Z,11Z,13E)-15-hydroperoxyicosa-5,8,11,13-tetraenoate
  参考文献：
  名称：

  Membrane-dependent Activities of Human 15-LOX-2 and Its Murine Counterpart

  摘要：

  The enzyme encoded by the ALOX15B gene has been linked to the development of atherosclerotic plaques in humans and in a mouse model of hypercholesterolemia. In vitro, these enzymes, which share 78% sequence identity, generate distinct products from their substrate arachidonic acid: the human enzyme, a 15-S-hydroperoxy product; and the murine enzyme, an 8-S-product. We probed the activities of these enzymes with nanodiscs as membrane mimics to determine whether they can access substrate esterified in a bilayer and characterized their activities at the membrane interface. We observed that both enzymes transform phospholipid-esterified arachidonic acid to a 15-S-product. Moreover, when expressed in transfected HEK cells, both enzymes result in significant increases in the amounts of 15-hydroxyderivatives of eicosanoids detected. In addition, we show that 15-LOX-2 is distributed at the plasma membrane when the HEK293 cells are stimulated by the addition Ca2+ ionophore and that cellular localization is dependent upon the presence of a putative membrane insertion loop. We also report that sequence differences between the human and mouse enzymes in this loop appear to confer distinct mechanisms of enzyme-membrane interaction for the homologues.

  DOI：

  10.1074/jbc.m116.741454

文献信息

• Roles of C-Terminal Processing, and Involvement in Transacylation Reaction of Human Group IVC Phospholipase A2 (cPLA2γ)
  作者：Atsushi Yamashita、Ryo Kamata、Norikazu Kawagishi、Hiroki Nakanishi、Hiroshi Suzuki、Takayuki Sugiura、Keizo Waku

  DOI：10.1093/jb/mvi067

  日期：2005.5.1

  The phospholipase A2s (PLA2s) are a diverse group of enzymes that hydrolyze the sn-2 fatty acid from phospholipids and play a role in a wide range of physiological functions. A 61-kDa calcium-independent PLA2, termed cPLA2γ, was identified as an ortholog of cPLA2α with approximately 30% overall sequence identity. cPLA2γ contains a potential prenylation motif at its C terminus, and is known to have PLA2 and lysophospholipase activities, but its physiological roles have not been clarified. In the present study, we expressed various forms of recombinant cPLA2γ, including non-prenylated and non-cleaved forms, in order to investigate the effects of C-terminal processing. We examined the expression of the wild type and non-prenylated (SCLA) forms of cPLA2γ, and found that the SCLA form was expressed normally and retained almost full activity. Expression of the prenylated and non-cleaved form of cPLA2γ using yeast mutants lacking prenyl protein proteases AFC1 (a-factor–converting enzyme) and RCE1 (Ras-converting enzyme) revealed decreased expression in the mutant strain compared to that in the wild type yeast, suggesting that complete C-terminal processing is important for the functional expression of cPLA2γ. In addition, cPLA2γ was found to have coenzyme A (CoA)–independent transacylation and lysophospholipid (LPL) dismutase (LPLase/transacylase) activities, suggesting that it may be involved in fatty acid remodeling of phospholipids and the clearance of toxic lysophospholipids in cells.

  磷脂酶 A2（PLA2）是一类多种多样的酶，能水解磷脂中的 sn-2 脂肪酸，在多种生理功能中发挥作用。cPLA2γ 在其 C 端含有一个潜在的前酰化基团，已知具有 PLA2 和溶血磷脂酶活性，但其生理作用尚未明确。在本研究中，我们表达了各种形式的重组 cPLA2γ，包括非前酰化和非裂解形式，以研究 C 端加工的影响。我们检测了野生型和非肾上腺素化（SCLA）型 cPLA2γ 的表达，发现 SCLA 型表达正常，几乎保持了全部活性。利用缺乏前炔蛋白蛋白酶 AFC1（a-因子转换酶）和 RCE1（Ras 转换酶）的酵母突变体表达前炔化和非裂解形式的 cPLA2γ，发现与野生型酵母相比，突变株的表达量减少，这表明完整的 C 端处理对 cPLA2γ 的功能表达很重要。此外，还发现 cPLA2γ 具有独立于辅酶 A（CoA）的反酰化和溶血磷脂（LPL）歧化酶（LPLase/transacylase）活性，这表明它可能参与了磷脂的脂肪酸重塑和细胞中有毒溶血磷脂的清除。
• Novel neutral (bio)material
  申请人：Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

  公开号：EP2444464A1

  公开（公告）日：2012-04-25

  The instant invention concerns - a method for preparing a material comprising the following steps of a) treating the support to obtain a layer having SiH function, b) grafting the SiH layer obtained in step a) with an alkene and a catalyst for covalently bonding the alkene to the coating, said alkene being non-terminal and/or having an hydrophilic part, and c) recovering a material comprising a support coated with a chain covalently grafted with Si-C bonds, - a material comprising a support, optionally comprising a polyhydrosiloxane layer, on which surface is covalently bonded a grafted chain, wherein the covalent bonding between the support and/or the polyhydrosiloxane and the chain is an Si-C bond, and the grafted chain is bonded through a non-terminal carbon, through more than one covalent bond and/or the chain is having at least one hydrophilic part, and - devices comprising such material.

  本发明涉及 - 一种制备材料的方法，包括以下步骤 a) 处理支持物以获得具有 SiH 功能的层；b) 将步骤 a) 中获得的 SiH 层与烯烃和催化剂接枝，以将烯烃共价键合到涂层上，所述烯烃为非末端烯烃和/或具有亲水部分；以及 c) 回收一种材料，该材料包括涂有共价键合的 Si-C 键接枝链的支持物、 - 一种材料，包括支撑体，可选择包括聚氢硅氧烷层，在支撑体表面共价键合了一条接枝链，其中支撑体和/或聚氢硅氧烷与链之间的共价键合是 Si-C 键，接枝链通过非末端碳键、通过一个以上的共价键和/或链具有至少一个亲水部分键合，以及 - 包括这种材料的装置。
• Compositions and methods for enhancing contrast in imaging
  申请人：Marval Biosciences, Inc.

  公开号：EP2578237A1

  公开（公告）日：2013-04-10

  Example compositions of liposomes with hydrophilic polymers on their surface, and containing relatively high concentrations of contrast- enhancing agents for computed tomography are provided. Example pharmaceutical compositions of such liposomes, when administered to a subject, provide for increased contrast of extended duration, as measured by computed tomography, in the bloodstream and other tissues of the subject. Also provided are example methods for making liposomes containing high concentrations of contrast-enhancing agents, and example methods for using the compositions.

  本发明提供了一些脂质体组合物实例，这些脂质体表面具有亲水性聚合物，并含有相对高浓度的计算机断层扫描造影剂。这种脂质体的药物组合物范例在给受试者用药时，可使受试者血液和其他组织中的对比度增加，持续时间延长，如计算机断层扫描所测。此外，还提供了制造含有高浓度造影剂的脂质体的示例方法，以及使用这些组合物的示例方法。
• Liposomal formulation of nonglycosidic ceramides and uses thereof
  申请人：LUDWIG INSTITUTE FOR CANCER RESEARCH LTD.

  公开号：US10039715B2

  公开（公告）日：2018-08-07

  The invention provides liposomes containing nonglycosidic ceramides within their bilayers, and compositions thereof. These liposomes activate murine iNKT cells and induce dendritic cell (DC) maturation, both in vitro and in vivo at an efficacy that is comparable to their corresponding soluble nonglycosidic ceramides. Also provided are methods for treating diseases using the liposomes and compositions of the invention.

  本发明提供了在其双层内含有非糖苷类神经酰胺的脂质体及其组合物。这些脂质体可在体外和体内激活小鼠 iNKT 细胞并诱导树突状细胞（DC）成熟，其功效与相应的可溶性非糖苷神经酰胺相当。此外，还提供了使用本发明脂质体和组合物治疗疾病的方法。
• Combinations of mRNAs encoding immune modulating polypeptides and uses thereof
  申请人：ModernaTX, Inc.

  公开号：US10172808B2

  公开（公告）日：2019-01-08

  The disclosure relates to compositions and methods for the preparation, manufacture and therapeutic use of combinations of immunomodulatory polynucleotides (e.g., mRNAs) encoding an immune response primer polypeptide (e.g., an interleukin 23 (IL-23) polypeptide or an interleukin 36γ (IL-36-gamma) polypeptide), and an immune response co-stimulatory signal polypeptide (e.g., an OX40L polypeptide).

  本公开涉及免疫调节多核苷酸（如mRNA）编码免疫应答引物多肽（如白细胞介素23（IL-23）多肽或白细胞介素36γ（IL-36-γ）多肽）和免疫应答共刺激信号多肽（如OX40L多肽）组合的制备、制造和治疗使用的组合物和方法。