Is an Iodine Atom Almighty as a Leaving Group for Bu3SnH-Mediated Radical Cyclization? The Effect of a Halogen Atom on the 5-Endo-trig Radical Cyclization of N-Vinyl-α-halo Amides
摘要:
The effect of a halogen atom as a leaving group on Bu3SnH-mediated 5-endo-trig radical cyclization of N-(cyclohex-l-enyl) alpha-halo amides was examined. The cyclization of alpha-chloro amides occurred with a high degree of efficiency, whereas the corresponding alpha-iodo congeners gave only limited quantities of cyclization products. A detailed study revealed that these phenomena could be attributed to the initial conformations of alpha-halo amides. The cyclizing ability of alpha-iodo amides can be restored with Bu3SnCl or Bu3SnF as an additive. The cyclization of an alpha-iodo amide in the presence of Bu3SnF could be applied to a short-step synthesis of lycoranes featuring sequential 5-endo-trig and 6-endo-trig radical cyclizations.
Switching and Conformational Fixation of Amides Through Proximate Positive Charges
作者:Amelie L. Bartuschat、Karina Wicht、Markus R. Heinrich
DOI:10.1002/anie.201502474
日期:2015.8.24
Tertiary amides, which usually occur as cis/trans mixtures, can be effectively shifted to the cis conformation by placing a positive charge in close proximity to the amide carbonyl. This effect was used to prepare cis‐configured prolyl amides and to facilitate a strongly rotamer‐dependent radical cyclization.