Phthalimide, in equilibrium with its conjugate base, adds photochemically to cyclohexene and aryl-substituted alkenes (photophthalimidation). The efficient, predictable regioselective photophthalimidation of styrenes constitutes a synthetically useful process for the preparation of N-phenethyl-phthalimides. A possible mechanism for the photophthalimidation involves the nucleophilic attack of phthalimide anion on the alkene cation-radical generated by single electron transfer to excited phthalimide. (C) 2003 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.
Photochemistry of phthalimides with olefins. Solvent-incorporated addition vs. cycloaddition to imide C(=O)-N bond accompanying ring enlargement
作者:Kazuhiro Maruyama、Yasuo Kubo
DOI:10.1021/jo00209a015
日期:1985.5
MARUYAMA, KAZUHIRO;KUBO, YASUO, J. ORG. CHEM., 1985, 50, N 9, 1426-1435
作者:MARUYAMA, KAZUHIRO、KUBO, YASUO
DOI:——
日期:——
MARUYAMA K.; KUBO Y., CHEM. LETT., 1978, NO 7, 769-772
作者:MARUYAMA K.、 KUBO Y.
DOI:——
日期:——
Photocycloaddition of Phthalimide Anion to Alkenes − A Highly Efficient, Convergent Method for [2]Benzazepine Synthesis
The excited state of phthalimide anion adds to cyclic, acyclic and aryl-conjugated alkenes in an efficient and regioselective manner to form [2]benzazepine-1,5-diones, substituted at positions 3 and/or 4. The reaction is independent of the ionization potential of the alkene. This process contrasts with the related reactions of N-methylphthalimide or phthalimide, which are limited by the requirement