Copper hydroxide nanostructure-modified carbon ionic liquid electrode as an efficient voltammetric sensor for detection of metformin: a theoretical and experimental study
摘要:
在 Cu(OH)2 纳米粒子修饰的碳离子液体电极(Cu(OH)2/CILE)上研究了二甲双胍(MET)的电催化氧化。该电极在+0.6 V电位下对二甲双胍的电催化氧化具有良好的灵敏度和选择性。复合电极中 Cu(OH)2 纳米结构的存在导致了二甲双胍氧化峰的出现。在最佳实验条件下,峰值电流响应与二甲双胍浓度在 1 µM-4 mM 范围内呈线性增长。该方法的检测限为 0.5 µM。此外,还利用密度泛函理论仔细研究了 MET 及其铜 (II) 复合物的电子特性,如前沿分子轨道(HOMO 和 LUMO)和结合相互作用能。此外,还在 B3LYP/6-311++g** 水平上研究了 pH 值的影响。理论结果证实了铜(II)络合的实验证据。因此,该方法制备简单、线性范围宽、过电势低、灵敏度高、选择性强,可用于生物样品中 MET 的检测。
TWISTED PI-ELECTRON SYSTEM CHROMOPHORE COMPOUNDS WITH VERY LARGE MOLECULAR HYPERPOLARIZABILITIES AND RELATED COMPOSITIONS AND DEVICES
申请人:Marks Tobin J.
公开号:US20100273919A1
公开(公告)日:2010-10-28
Unconventional twisted π-electron system electro-optic (EO) chromophores/compounds, compositions and related device structures. Crystallographic analysis of several non-limiting chromophores reveals, for instance, large ring-ring dihedral twist angles and a highly charge-separated zwitterionic structure in the ground state, in both solution phase and solid-state.
A series of calix[4]arene semitubes (4a–c) having alkyl bridging spacers of different lengths and flexibilities on their lower rim was synthesised and characterised in solution and in the solid state by 1H NMR spectroscopy and X-ray crystallography. The binding properties of these novel ditopic hosts toward a series of N-alkylpyridinium ion pairs were investigated in low polar media by 1H NMR and UV-vis
合成了一系列杯状[4]芳烃半管(4a–c),其下边缘具有不同长度和柔性的烷基桥接间隔基,并通过1 H NMR光谱和X射线晶体学对其进行了溶液化和固态表征。通过1 H NMR和UV-vis光谱在低极性介质中研究了这些新颖的双位宿主对一系列N-烷基吡啶鎓离子对的结合特性,并与相应的杯[4]芳烃单位宿主5进行了比较。这些研究表明,在低极性溶剂中,杯[4]芳烃半管表现为同位宿主,随氮的增加而增加。-烷基吡啶鎓离子对与主客体化学计量比为1:2的超分子加合物。
Effect of Ionic Liquids with Different Cations in I<sup>-</sup>/I<sub>3</sub><sup>-</sup>Redox Electrolyte on the Performance of Dye-sensitized Solar Cells
作者:Tae-Yeon Cho、Soon-Gil Yoon、S.S. Sekhon、Chi-Hwan Han
DOI:10.5012/bkcs.2011.32.6.2058
日期:2011.6.20
The effect of the addition of ionic liquids with four different cations (imidazolium, pyrrolidinium, piperidinium and pyridinium) on the performance of dye-sensitized $TiO_2$ solar cells based on electrolytes containing a t-butylpyridine (TBP) in 3-methoxypropionitrile (MPN) was studied. A total of 18 ionic liquids with mono-, di- and tri-alkyl derivatives were used in the present study, and among them a pyridinium cation with a mono-alkyl group showed better cell efficiency than the others. The best photoelectric conversion efficiency, 7.213%, was obtained using 1-hexylpyridinium iodide with an open-circuit photovoltage ($V_oc}$) = 0.731 V, a short-circuit photocurrent density ($J_sc}$) = 16.175 $mA/cm^2$, and a fill factor (ff) = 0.610 under AM1.5 and 100 $mW/cm^2$ illumination.
Disclosed is a hydrocarboxylation process for the production of carboxylic acid from olefins wherein an olefin, water, a Group VIII metal hydrocarboxylation catalyst, an onium salt compound are combined in a reaction zone and contacted with carbon monoxide under hydrocarboxylation conditions of pressure and temperature The process does not require or utilize the addition of a hydrogen halide or an alkyl halide exogenous or extraneous to the hydrocarboxylation process.
Disclosed is a continuous process wherein carbon monoxide, a carbonylatable reactant, and a halide in the gas phase are contacted with a non-volatile catalyst solution comprising an ionic liquid and a Group VIII metal to produce a carbonylation product in the gas phase. The process is useful for the continuous preparation of acetic acid by the carbonylation of methanol.