Phosphodiesterase Type IV Inhibition. Structure-Activity Relationships of 1,3-Disubstituted Pyrrolidines
作者:Paul L. Feldman、Marcus F. Brackeen、David J. Cowan、Brian E. Marron、Frank J. Schoenen、Jeffrey A. Stafford、Edward M. Suh、Paul L. Domanico、Dudley Rose
DOI:10.1021/jm00009a011
日期:1995.4
The synthesis of 1,3-disubstituted pyrrolidines 2 and their activities as type IV phosphodiesterase (PDE) inhibitors are described. Various groups were appended to the nitrogen of the pyrrolidine nucleus to enable structure-activity relationships to be assessed. Groups which render the pyrrolidine nitrogen of 2 nonbasic yielded potent PDE-IV inhibitors. Analogs of amides, carbamates, and ureas of 2 were synthesized to determine the effects that substitution on these functional groups had on PDE-IV inhibitor potency. The structural requirements for PDE-IV inhibitor potency differed among the three classes. A representative amide, carbamate, and urea (2c,d,h) were shown to be >50-fold selective for inhibiting PDE-IV versus representative PDEs from families I-III and V. Furthermore, these same three inhibitors demonstrated potent functional activity (IC50 < 1 mu M) by inhibiting tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) release from lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-activated purified human peripheral blood monocytes and mouse peritoneal macrophages. These compounds were also tested orally in LPS-injected mice and demonstrated dose-dependent inhibition of serum TNF-alpha levels.