Design of <i>N</i>-Spiro <i>C</i><sub>2</sub>-Symmetric Chiral Quaternary Ammonium Bromides as Novel Chiral Phase-Transfer Catalysts: Synthesis and Application to Practical Asymmetric Synthesis of α-Amino Acids
作者:Takashi Ooi、Minoru Kameda、Keiji Maruoka
DOI:10.1021/ja021244h
日期:2003.4.1
C(2)-symmetric chiralquaternaryammonium bromides 10 and 11 have been designed as a new, purely synthetic chiral phase-transfer catalyst, and readily prepared from commercially available optically pure 1,1'-bi-2-naphthol as a basic chiral unit. The details of the synthetic procedures of each requisite chiral binaphthyl subunit have been disclosed, and the structures of the assembled N-spiro chiral quaternary
9-Amino-(9-deoxy)cinchona alkaloid-derived new chiral phase-transfer catalysts
作者:Wenwen Peng、Jingwei Wan、Bing Xie、Xuebing Ma
DOI:10.1039/c4ob01648c
日期:——
9-amino-(9-deoxy)cinchona alkaloid-derived chiralphase-transfercatalysts bearing amino groups was developed by using known cinchona alkaloids as the starting materials. Due to the transformation of the 9-hydroxyl group into a 9-amino functional group, the catalytic performances were significantly improved in comparison with the corresponding first generation phase-transfercatalysts, and excellent yields (92–99%)
A new asymmetric two-center phase-transfercatalyst was designed and a catalyst library containing more than 40 new two-center catalysts was constructed. The catalysts were applied in phase-transferalkylations and Michael additions to afford the corresponding products in up to 93% ee and 82% ee, respectively.
was used in phase-transfer alkylations and Michael additions to afford various opticallyactive α-amino acid equivalents in up to 93% yield. Moreover, dramatic counter anion effects were observed in phase-transfer catalysis (PTC) for the first time, making it possible to further improve reactivity and selectivity. These findings validate the usefulness of three-dimensional fine-tuning of the catalyst
Design of new, chiral phase-transfer catalysts for practical, catalytic asymmetric synthesis
作者:Keiji Maruoka
DOI:10.1016/s0022-1139(01)00472-9
日期:2001.11
Structurally rigid, chiral spiro ammonium salts of type 1 derived from commercially available (S)-binaphthol have been designed as a new C2-symmetricchiralphase-transfercatalyst and successfully applied to the highly efficient, catalytic enantioselective alkylation of tert-butyl glycinate Schiff base under mild phase-transfer conditions to furnish α-alkyl-α-amino acids and α,α-dialkyl-α-amino acids with excellent