Ligands to the (IRAP)/AT4 receptor encompassing a 4-hydroxydiphenylmethane scaffold replacing Tyr2
摘要:
Analogues of the hexapeptide angiotensin IV (Ang IV, Val(1)-Tyr(2)-Ile(3)-His(4)-Pro(5)-Phe(6)) encompassing a 4-hydroxydiphenylmethane scaffold replacing Tyr(2) and a phenylacetic or benzoic acid moiety replacing His4-Pro5-Phe6 have been synthesized and evaluated in biological assays. The analogues inhibited the proteolytic activity of cystinyl aminopeptidase ( CAP), frequently referred to as the insulin-regulated aminopeptidase ( IRAP), and were found less efficient as inhibitors of aminopeptidase N (AP-N). The best Ang IV mimetics in the series were approximately 20 times less potent than Ang IV as IRAP inhibitors. Furthermore, it was found that the ligands at best exhibited a 140 times lower binding affinity to the membrane-bound IRAP/AT4 receptor than Ang IV. Although the best compounds still exert lower activities than Ang IV, it is notable that these compounds comprise only two amino acid residues and are considerably less peptidic in character than the majority of the Ang IV analogues previously reported as IRAP inhibitors in the literature. (c) 2008 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Ligands to the (IRAP)/AT4 receptor encompassing a 4-hydroxydiphenylmethane scaffold replacing Tyr2
摘要:
Analogues of the hexapeptide angiotensin IV (Ang IV, Val(1)-Tyr(2)-Ile(3)-His(4)-Pro(5)-Phe(6)) encompassing a 4-hydroxydiphenylmethane scaffold replacing Tyr(2) and a phenylacetic or benzoic acid moiety replacing His4-Pro5-Phe6 have been synthesized and evaluated in biological assays. The analogues inhibited the proteolytic activity of cystinyl aminopeptidase ( CAP), frequently referred to as the insulin-regulated aminopeptidase ( IRAP), and were found less efficient as inhibitors of aminopeptidase N (AP-N). The best Ang IV mimetics in the series were approximately 20 times less potent than Ang IV as IRAP inhibitors. Furthermore, it was found that the ligands at best exhibited a 140 times lower binding affinity to the membrane-bound IRAP/AT4 receptor than Ang IV. Although the best compounds still exert lower activities than Ang IV, it is notable that these compounds comprise only two amino acid residues and are considerably less peptidic in character than the majority of the Ang IV analogues previously reported as IRAP inhibitors in the literature. (c) 2008 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Two 1,3,5-trisubstituted aromatic scaffolds intended to serve as gamma-turn mimetics have been synthesized and incorporated in five pseudopeptide analogues of angiotensin II (Asp-Arg-Val-Tyr-Ile-His-Pro-Phe), replacing Val-Tyr-Ile, Val-Tyr, or Tyr-Ile. All the tested compounds exhibited nanomolar affinity for the AT(2) receptor with the best compound (3) having a K-i of 1.85 nM. Four pseudopeptides were AT(2) selective, while one (5) also exhibited good affinity for the AT(1) receptor (K-i = 30.3 nM). This pseudopeptide exerted full agonistic activity in an AT(2) receptor induced neurite outgrowth assay but displayed no agonistic effect in an AT(2) receptor functional assay. Molecular modeling, using the program DISCOtech, showed that the high-affinity ligands could interact similarly with the AT(2) receptor as other ligands with high affinity for this receptor. A tentative agonist model is proposed for AT(2) receptor activation by angiotensin 11 analogues. We conclude that the 1,3,5-trisubstituted benzene rings can be conveniently prepared and are suitable as gamma-turn mimics.
Ligands to the (IRAP)/AT4 receptor encompassing a 4-hydroxydiphenylmethane scaffold replacing Tyr2
Analogues of the hexapeptide angiotensin IV (Ang IV, Val(1)-Tyr(2)-Ile(3)-His(4)-Pro(5)-Phe(6)) encompassing a 4-hydroxydiphenylmethane scaffold replacing Tyr(2) and a phenylacetic or benzoic acid moiety replacing His4-Pro5-Phe6 have been synthesized and evaluated in biological assays. The analogues inhibited the proteolytic activity of cystinyl aminopeptidase ( CAP), frequently referred to as the insulin-regulated aminopeptidase ( IRAP), and were found less efficient as inhibitors of aminopeptidase N (AP-N). The best Ang IV mimetics in the series were approximately 20 times less potent than Ang IV as IRAP inhibitors. Furthermore, it was found that the ligands at best exhibited a 140 times lower binding affinity to the membrane-bound IRAP/AT4 receptor than Ang IV. Although the best compounds still exert lower activities than Ang IV, it is notable that these compounds comprise only two amino acid residues and are considerably less peptidic in character than the majority of the Ang IV analogues previously reported as IRAP inhibitors in the literature. (c) 2008 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.