2,3,3-trimethyl-2-(2-naphthyl)oxirane | 194865-25-3

• 分子结构分类: 有机化合物 - 苯类化合物 - 萘
• 英文名称: 2,3,3-trimethyl-2-(2-naphthyl)oxirane
• 英文别名: 2,2,3-Trimethyl-3-naphthalen-2-yloxirane
• CAS: 194865-25-3
• 化学式: C₁₅H₁₆O
• 分子量: 212.291
• InChiKey: KTLTTXDODNARHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N

计算性质

• 辛醇/水分配系数(LogP)：
  3.4
• 重原子数：
  16
• 可旋转键数：
  1
• 环数：
  3.0
• sp3杂化的碳原子比例：
  0.33
• 拓扑面积：
  12.5
• 氢给体数：
  0
• 氢受体数：
  1

反应信息

• 作为反应物：
  描述：

  2,3,3-trimethyl-2-(2-naphthyl)oxirane 在 indium(III) chloride 作用下， 以 四氢呋喃 为溶剂， 反应 6.0h， 以78%的产率得到3-methyl-3-(2-naphthyl)-2-butanone
  参考文献：
  名称：

  Indium(III) Chloride-Promoted Rearrangement of Epoxides: A Selective Synthesis of Substituted Benzylic Aldehydes and Ketones

  摘要：

  A simple and efficient procedure for the rearrangement of substituted epoxides catalyzed by InCl3 has been developed. Aryl-substituted epoxides isomerize with complete regioselectivity to form a single carbonyl compound via cleavage of the benzylic C-O bond. The reactions are simple, fast, and high yielding. This procedure is very mild compared to those catalyzed with BF3 and other Lewis acids and compatible with several acid-sensitive functionalities. This protocol provides a highly selective synthesis of substituted benzylic aldehydes and ketones. However, rearrangement of alkyl-substituted epoxides is not very selective.

  DOI：

  10.1021/jo980793w
• 作为产物：
  描述：

  2-methyl-3-(2-naphthyl)-2-butene 在 间氯过氧苯甲酸 作用下， 以 二氯甲烷 为溶剂， 反应 1.0h， 以74%的产率得到2,3,3-trimethyl-2-(2-naphthyl)oxirane
  参考文献：
  名称：

  Palladium-Catalyzed Isomerization of Aryl-Substituted Epoxides:  A Selective Synthesis of Substituted Benzylic Aldehydes and Ketones

  摘要：

  Aryl-substituted epoxides bearing multiple methyl substituents on the epoxide ring isomerize in the presence of 5 mol % Pd(OAc)(2)PR3 (R = n-Bu, Ph) to form the corresponding benzylic aldehyde or ketone, with complete regioselectivity for the carbonyl compound formed via cleavage of the benzylic C-O bond. No allylic alcohols or products arising from alkyl migration are observed. Rapid reaction rates and nearly quantitative yields are obtained, even with highly sterically hindered epoxides, using tri-n-butylphosphine as ligand and tert-butyl alcohol as solvent. 2-Aryl-substituted epoxides with two methyl substituents on C3 are completely unreactive, consistent with an oxidative addition/beta-hydride elimination mechanism. Catalyst variation studies show that both Pd(OAc)(2) and PR3 are essential for optimal activity and that palladium catalysts formed in this manner are superior to other Pd(O) catalysts (e.g., Pd(PPh3)(4)). The reactivity of catalytic Pd(OAc)(2)/PR3 toward multiply-substituted epoxides is compared to traditional Lewis acid catalysts; the former is found to be much more selective for isomerization without skeletal rearrangement. A mechanistic rationale involving turnover-limiting S(N)2-like attack of Pd(O) at the benzylic carbon is proposed.

  DOI：

  10.1021/jo970743b

文献信息

• Indium(III) Chloride-Promoted Rearrangement of Epoxides: A Selective Synthesis of Substituted Benzylic Aldehydes and Ketones
  作者：Brindaban C. Ranu、Umasish Jana

  DOI：10.1021/jo980793w

  日期：1998.11.1

  A simple and efficient procedure for the rearrangement of substituted epoxides catalyzed by InCl3 has been developed. Aryl-substituted epoxides isomerize with complete regioselectivity to form a single carbonyl compound via cleavage of the benzylic C-O bond. The reactions are simple, fast, and high yielding. This procedure is very mild compared to those catalyzed with BF3 and other Lewis acids and compatible with several acid-sensitive functionalities. This protocol provides a highly selective synthesis of substituted benzylic aldehydes and ketones. However, rearrangement of alkyl-substituted epoxides is not very selective.
• Palladium-Catalyzed Isomerization of Aryl-Substituted Epoxides:  A Selective Synthesis of Substituted Benzylic Aldehydes and Ketones
  作者：Sanjitha Kulasegaram、Robert J. Kulawiec

  DOI：10.1021/jo970743b

  日期：1997.9.1

  Aryl-substituted epoxides bearing multiple methyl substituents on the epoxide ring isomerize in the presence of 5 mol % Pd(OAc)(2)PR3 (R = n-Bu, Ph) to form the corresponding benzylic aldehyde or ketone, with complete regioselectivity for the carbonyl compound formed via cleavage of the benzylic C-O bond. No allylic alcohols or products arising from alkyl migration are observed. Rapid reaction rates and nearly quantitative yields are obtained, even with highly sterically hindered epoxides, using tri-n-butylphosphine as ligand and tert-butyl alcohol as solvent. 2-Aryl-substituted epoxides with two methyl substituents on C3 are completely unreactive, consistent with an oxidative addition/beta-hydride elimination mechanism. Catalyst variation studies show that both Pd(OAc)(2) and PR3 are essential for optimal activity and that palladium catalysts formed in this manner are superior to other Pd(O) catalysts (e.g., Pd(PPh3)(4)). The reactivity of catalytic Pd(OAc)(2)/PR3 toward multiply-substituted epoxides is compared to traditional Lewis acid catalysts; the former is found to be much more selective for isomerization without skeletal rearrangement. A mechanistic rationale involving turnover-limiting S(N)2-like attack of Pd(O) at the benzylic carbon is proposed.