Structure−Activity Relationships for the Antileishmanial and Antitrypanosomal Activities of 1‘-Substituted 9-Anilinoacridines
摘要:
Members of the class of 9-anilinoacridine topoisomerase II inhibitors bearing lipophilic electron-donating 1'-anilino substituents are active against both the promastigote and amastigote forms of the parasite Leishmania major. A series of analogues of the known 1'-NHhexyl lead compound were prepared and evaluated against L. major in macrophage culture to further develop structure-activity relationships (SAR). Toxicity toward mammalian cells was measured in a human leukemia cell line, and the ratio of the two IC50 values (IC50(J)/IC50(L)) was used as a measure of the in vitro therapeutic index (IVTI). A 3,6-diNMe(2) substitution pattern on the acridine greatly increased toxicity to L. major without altering mammalian toxicity, increasing IVTIs over that of the lead compound. The 2-OMe, 6-Cl acridine substitution pattern used in the antimalarial drug mepacrine also resulted in potent antileishmanial activity and high IVTIs. Earlier suggestions of the utility of 2'-OR groups in lowering mammalian cytotoxicity were not borne out in this wider study. A series of very lipophilic 1'-NRR (symmetric dialkylamino)-substituted analogues showed relatively high antileishmanial potency, but no clear trend was apparent across the series, and none were superior to the 1'-NH(CH2)(5)Me subclass. Subsets of the most active 1'-N(R)(CH2)(5)Me- and 1'-N(alkyl)(2)-substituted compounds against L. major were also evaluated against Leishmania donovani, Trypanosoma cruzi, and Trypanosoma brucei, but no consistent SAR could be discerned in these physiologically diverse test systems. The present study has confirmed earlier conclusions that lipophilic electron-donating groups at the 1'-position of 9-anilinoacridines provide high activity against L. major, but the SAR patterns observed do not carry over to the other parasites studied.
Structure−Activity Relationships for the Antileishmanial and Antitrypanosomal Activities of 1‘-Substituted 9-Anilinoacridines
摘要:
Members of the class of 9-anilinoacridine topoisomerase II inhibitors bearing lipophilic electron-donating 1'-anilino substituents are active against both the promastigote and amastigote forms of the parasite Leishmania major. A series of analogues of the known 1'-NHhexyl lead compound were prepared and evaluated against L. major in macrophage culture to further develop structure-activity relationships (SAR). Toxicity toward mammalian cells was measured in a human leukemia cell line, and the ratio of the two IC50 values (IC50(J)/IC50(L)) was used as a measure of the in vitro therapeutic index (IVTI). A 3,6-diNMe(2) substitution pattern on the acridine greatly increased toxicity to L. major without altering mammalian toxicity, increasing IVTIs over that of the lead compound. The 2-OMe, 6-Cl acridine substitution pattern used in the antimalarial drug mepacrine also resulted in potent antileishmanial activity and high IVTIs. Earlier suggestions of the utility of 2'-OR groups in lowering mammalian cytotoxicity were not borne out in this wider study. A series of very lipophilic 1'-NRR (symmetric dialkylamino)-substituted analogues showed relatively high antileishmanial potency, but no clear trend was apparent across the series, and none were superior to the 1'-NH(CH2)(5)Me subclass. Subsets of the most active 1'-N(R)(CH2)(5)Me- and 1'-N(alkyl)(2)-substituted compounds against L. major were also evaluated against Leishmania donovani, Trypanosoma cruzi, and Trypanosoma brucei, but no consistent SAR could be discerned in these physiologically diverse test systems. The present study has confirmed earlier conclusions that lipophilic electron-donating groups at the 1'-position of 9-anilinoacridines provide high activity against L. major, but the SAR patterns observed do not carry over to the other parasites studied.
POLYSULFIDE MIXTURE, METHOD FOR PRODUCING SAME, AND USE OF THE POLYSULFIDE MIXTURE IN RUBBER MIXTURES
申请人:LANXESS Deutschland GmbH
公开号:US20150274655A1
公开(公告)日:2015-10-01
The present invention relates to polysulfide mixtures comprising two or more compounds of the formula (I),
where the cations K
1
+
and K
2
+
mutually independently are any desired monovalent or are the nth part of an n-valent cation, and m is 0, 1, and/or 2, to a process for the production of these polysulfide mixtures, to the use of the polysulfide mixtures in rubber mixtures, to the rubber mixtures, to rubber vulcanizates produced therefrom, and to the use of these.
[EN] PREPARATION METHOD FOR ASYMMETRIC DIARYL SUBSTITUTED P-PHENYLENEDIAMINE COMPOUND<br/>[FR] PROCÉDÉ DE PRÉPARATION POUR COMPOSÉ P-PHÉNYLÈNEDIAMINE SUBSTITUÉ PAR UN GROUPE DIARYLE ASYMÉTRIQUE<br/>[ZH] 不对称二芳基取代型对苯二胺类化合物的制备方法
This invention discloses a rubbery polymer which is comprised of repeat units that are derived from (1) at least one conjugated diolefin monomer, and (2) 0.1 weight percent to 2 weight percent of at least one monomer having the structural formula:
wherein R represents an alkyl group containing from 1 to about 10 carbon atoms or a hydrogen atom, wherein R′ represents a methyl group or a hydrogen atom, with the proviso that if R represents an alkyl group then R′ represents a hydrogen atom, wherein R
1
and R
2
can be the same or different, wherein R
1
represents an alkyl group that is functionalized with a leaving group, wherein R
2
represents a moiety selected from the group consisting of hydrogen atoms, alkyl groups containing from 1 to 18 carbon atoms, aryl groups containing from 6 to 18 carbon atoms, alkaryl groups containing from 7 to 18 carbon atoms, and alkyl groups that are functionalized with a leaving group, wherein the rubbery polymer is void of moieties containing tertiary amine groups, and wherein the rubbery polymer is void of repeat units which are derived from α,β-olefinically unsaturated amides.
An antiozonant mixture is disclosed wherein said mixture comprises at least two compounds,
(A) at least one of which is of the structure
and
(B) at least one other of which is of the structure
wherein
R
1
is a straight chain, branched, or cyclic alkyl group comprising from three to seven carbon atoms, and
R
2
is a straight chain, branched, or cyclic alkyl group comprising at least eleven carbon atoms.
AZOMETHINE DIRECT DYES OR REDUCED PRECURSORS OF THESE DYES OBTAINED FROM 2-CHLORO-3-AMINO-6-METHYLPHENOL, AND HAIR DYEING METHOD STARTING FROM THESE DYES AND PRECURSORS
申请人:Leduc Madeleine
公开号:US20110041261A1
公开(公告)日:2011-02-24
The invention relates to the dyeing of keratinous fibres using azomethine direct dyes of formula (I) or reduced precursors of azomethine direct dyes of formula (II) obtained from 2-chloro-3-amino-6-methylphenol. A subject-matter of the invention is a dyeing composition comprising at least one chlorinated azomethine direct dye or one reduced precursor of a chlorinated azomethine direct dye, a method for dyeing keratinous fibres which employs the said composition and their uses in the dyeing of keratinous fibres. This composition makes it possible to obtain a particularly stable and consistent colouring.