New Simple Hydrophobic Proline Derivatives as Highly Active and Stereoselective Catalysts for the Direct Asymmetric Aldol Reaction in Aqueous Medium
作者:Francesco Giacalone、Michelangelo Gruttadauria、Paolo Lo Meo、Serena Riela、Renato Noto
DOI:10.1002/adsc.200800555
日期:——
different hydrophobic properties of the acyl group were easily synthesized and used as catalysts in the direct asymmetric aldol reaction between cyclic ketones (cyclohexanone and cyclopentanone) and several substituted benzaldehydes. Reactions were carried out using water, this being the best reaction medium examined. Screening of these catalysts showed that compounds bearing the most hydrophobic acyl
容易合成具有不同疏水性的酰基的新的4-取代的酰氧基脯氨酸衍生物,并将其用作环酮(环己酮和环戊酮)与几种取代的苯甲醛之间的直接不对称羟醛反应的催化剂。使用水进行反应,这是所检验的最佳反应介质。对这些催化剂的筛选表明,带有最多疏水性酰基链的化合物[4-苯基丁酸酯和4-(吡啶-1-基)丁酸酯]提供了更好的结果。后一种催化剂在室温下仅以2摩尔%的比例成功使用,无需添加添加剂,即可获得具有出色立体选择性的羟醛产物。这些结果表明脯氨酸部分在4-位上带有适当的简单疏水取代基的衍生化可以提供高活性和立体选择性的催化剂,而无需在分子中另外的手性主链。最后,提供了在水存在下观察到的立体选择性的解释。