An orange pigment named echinotinctone was isolated from the wood-rotting polypores Echinodontiumtinctorium and Pyrofomesalbomarginatus. Its structure was elucidated as2, 6-dihydroxy-1, 8-dimethyl-3H-xanthen-3-one (1) on the basis of spectroscopic and chemical studies.1 represents the first naturally occurring pigment with a simple fluorone chromophore.