Microwave-Assisted Ester Formation Using O-Alkylisoureas: A Convenient Method for the Synthesis of Esters with Inversion of Configuration
摘要:
The formation of carboxylic esters via reaction of carboxylic acids with O-alkylisoureas proceeds in excellent yields with very short reaction times when conducted in a monomode microwave synthesizer. Efficient processes were developed using preformed or commercially available isoureas derived from primary and secondary alcohols, with a reaction time of only 5 min or less. It was demonstrated that under these microwave conditions, ester formation proceeded in good yields with clean inversion of configuration where appropriate. The process was validated using menthol, a hindered substrate for S(N)2 reactions. In addition, starting from primary alcohols, ester formation was successfully accomplished using ail in situ isourea formation procedure. A polymer-assisted solution-phase procedure was also developed by employing preformed solid-supported isoureas and by an efficient "catch and release" ester formation procedure whereby primary alcohols were caught on resin as isoureas by reaction with immobilized carbodiimide and released as esters by subsequent treatment with a carboxylic acids.
Asymmetric Palladium‐Catalyzed Oxycarbonylation of Terminal Alkenes: Efficient Access to β‐Hydroxy Alkylcarboxylic Acids
作者:Bing Tian、Xiang Li、Pinhong Chen、Guosheng Liu
DOI:10.1002/anie.202104252
日期:2021.6.25
leading to high reactivity and excellent enantioselective control. Compared to the conventional methods, the reaction itself features alkenes as easily prepared starting materials, mild and operationally simple reaction conditions, and insensitivities to air and water. Moreover, this method allows for broad alkene substrate scope, excellent regio- and enantioselectivities, scalabilities and a wide array
Palladium-catalyzed intermolecular alkynylcarbonylation of unactivated alkenes: easy access to β-alkynylcarboxylic esters
作者:Xiang Li、Pinhong Chen、Guosheng Liu
DOI:10.1039/d1cc07092d
日期:——
A palladium-catalyzed intermolecular alkynylcarbonylation of unactivated alkenes has been established with ethynyl benziodoxolones (EBXs) as alkynylation reagents, providing β-alkynylcarboxylic esters efficiently from simple alkenes. The reaction features moderate to excellent regioselectivity and excellent functional group compatibility under mild reaction conditions.
Palladium(II)-Catalyzed Enantioselective Hydrooxygenation of Unactivated Terminal Alkenes
作者:Xintuo Yang、Xiang Li、Pinhong Chen、Guosheng Liu
DOI:10.1021/jacs.2c02753
日期:2022.5.11
A novel Pd(II)-catalyzed enantioselective Markovnikov hydrooxygenation of unactivated terminal alkenes using a substituted pyridinyl oxazoline (Pyox) ligand has been developed. Herein it was discovered that the (EtO)2MeSiH/BQ redoxsystem is vital for the highly selective and efficient hydrooxygenation, where the alkylpalladium(II) species generated from enantioselective oxypalladation step is reduced