Microwave induced selective enolization of steroidal ketones and efficient acetylation of sterols in semisolid state
作者:Padma Marwah、Ashok Marwah、Henry A. Lardy
DOI:10.1016/s0040-4020(03)00207-2
日期:2003.3
Under microwave irradiation steroidal enones, more specifically, position three carbonyls were efficiently and selectively converted to the corresponding enol acetates in the presence of additional enolizable carbonyl functions at other positions, using aceticanhydride and a catalytic amount of toluene-p-sulfonic acid. Acetylation of hydroxyl groups of the sterols, including those at the hindered
Hirschmann, Journal of Biological Chemistry, 1943, vol. 150, p. 363,373
作者:Hirschmann
DOI:——
日期:——
Reconnaissance mapping and management of salt-affected soils using satellite images
作者:R. C. Sharma、R. K. Saxena、K. S. Verma
DOI:10.1080/014311600750019831
日期:2000.1
The Indo-Gangetic alluvial plain is subjected to large scale soil alkalization. In order to map and characterize salt-affected soils, with the aim of applying management techniques, Etah district in Uttar Pradesh, located between 26 degrees 45' to 28 degrees 02' N and 78 degrees 15' to 79 degrees 20' E was selected. Multidate, high resolution, IRS-LISS II, geocoded FCC images on 1:50 000 scale were used. Integrating visual image interpretation, physiographic analysis, ground data and laboratory analysis of soil samples, a legend for mapping salt-affected soils ( SAS) was formulated. Based on variations in physicochemical properties: nature, intensity and depth wise distribution of salts, five categories of SAS requiring specific reclamation measures were identified. Soil categories S2, S3 and S4 have a gypsum requirement ( GR) of 20, 12 and 4 t/ha(-1) respectively. Reclamation of medium to heavy textured highly alkali soils requires the addition of amendments and a rice-wheat rotation for the initial 3-4 years. Under resource constraints, pit planting of Prosopis juliflora can bring about slow but effective reclamation. The soil category S5 is slightly alkali in the substratum, needing only biological reclamation by growing salt tolerant varieties of rice and wheat crops. Soils of category S1 are saline and need management by hydrological treatments. Incorporation of village boundaries on a map showing SAS would facilitate decision taking in planning reclamation projects and accelarate management operations directly at village level.
Marrian; Butler, Biochemical Journal, 1944, vol. 38, p. 322,324
作者:Marrian、Butler
DOI:——
日期:——
Adams et al., Journal of the Chemical Society, 1956, p. 297,299