Herein, we report the design of a focused library of novel bacterial topoisomerase inhibitors (NBTIs) based on innovative mainly monocyclic right-hand side fragments active against DNA gyrase and Topo IV. They exhibit a very potent and wide range of antibacterial activity, even against some of the most concerning hard-to-treat pathogens for which new antibacterials are urgently needed, as reported by the WHO and CDC. NBTIs enzyme activity and whole cell potency seems to depend on the fine-tuned lipophilicity/hydrophilicity ratio that governs the permeability of those compounds through the bacterial membranes. Lipophilicity of NBTIs is apparently optimal for passing through the membrane of Gram-positive bacteria, but the higher, although not excessive lipophilicity and suitable hydrophilicity seems to determine the passage through Gram-negative bacterial membranes. However, due to the considerable hERG inhibition, which is still at least two orders of magnitude away from MICs, continued optimization is required to realize their full potential.
在这里,我们报告了基于创新的主要单环右侧片段设计的新型细菌拓扑异构酶抑制剂(NBTIs)的库。这些片段对DNA旋转酶和Topo IV具有活性,表现出非常强大和广泛的抗菌活性,甚至对一些最令人担忧的难以治疗的病原体也有效,这些病原体迫切需要新的抗菌药物,正如世界卫生组织和疾病预防控制中心所报道的。NBTIs酶活性和整体细胞效力似乎取决于精细调节的亲脂性/亲水性比率,这个比率决定了这些化合物通过细菌膜的渗透性。NBTIs的亲脂性显然最适合通过革兰氏阳性细菌的膜,但更高的、尽管不过度的亲脂性和适当的亲水性似乎决定了通过革兰氏阴性细菌膜的通道。然而,由于对hERG的显著抑制,其至少比最小抑菌浓度高两个数量级,因此需要继续优化以发挥其全部潜力。