(R)-4'-Hydroxymephenytoin

• 分子结构分类: 有机化合物 - 有机杂环化合物 - 唑烷类
• 英文名称: (R)-4'-Hydroxymephenytoin
• 英文别名: 4'-hydroxyl-S-mephenytoin；4-hydroxy-(S)-mephenytoin；(5R)-5-ethyl-5-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-3-methylimidazolidine-2,4-dione
• 化学式: C₁₂H₁₄N₂O₃
• 分子量: 234.255
• InChiKey: OQPLORUDZLXXPD-GFCCVEGCSA-N

计算性质

• 辛醇/水分配系数(LogP)：
  1.2
• 重原子数：
  17
• 可旋转键数：
  2
• 环数：
  2.0
• sp3杂化的碳原子比例：
  0.33
• 拓扑面积：
  69.6
• 氢给体数：
  2
• 氢受体数：
  3

反应信息

• 作为产物：
  描述：

  美芬妥英 在 fenbendazole monooxygenase (4'-hydroxylating) 还原型辅酶II(NADPH)四钠盐 作用下， 以 phosphate buffer 为溶剂， 生成 (R)-4'-Hydroxymephenytoin
  参考文献：
  名称：

  Identification of human cytochrome P 450 s that metabolise anti-parasitic drugs and predictions of in vivo drug hepatic clearance from in vitro data

  摘要：

  Objective. Knowledge about the metabolism of anti-parasitic drugs (APDs) will be helpful in ongoing efforts to optimise dosage recommendations in clinical practise. This study was performed to further identify the cytochrome P-450 (CYP) enzymes that metabolise major APDs and evaluate the possibility of predicting in vivo drug clearances from in vitro data.Methods. In vitro systems, rat and human liver microsomes (RLM, HLM) and recombinant cytochrome P-450 (rCYP), were used to determine the intrinsic clearance (CLint) and identify responsible CYPs and their relative contribution in the metabolism of 15 commonly used APDs.Results and discussion. CLint determined in RLM and HLM showed low (r(2)=0.50) but significant (P<0.01) correlation. The CLint values were scaled to predict in vivo hepatic clearance (CLH) using the 'venous equilibrium model'. The number of compounds with in vivo human CL data after intravenous administration was low (n=8), and the range of CL values covered by these compounds was not appropriate for a reasonable quantitative in vitro-in vivo correlation analysis. Using the CLH predicted from the in vitro data, the compounds could be classified into three different categories: high-clearance drugs (>70% liver blood flow; amodiaquine, praziquantel, albendazole, thiabendazole), low-clearance drugs (<30% liver blood flow; chloroquine, dapsone, diethylcarbamazine, pentamidine, primaquine, pyrantel, pyrimethamine, tinidazole) and intermediate clearance drugs (artemisinin, artesunate, quinine). With the exception of artemisinin, which is a high clearance drug in vivo, all other compounds were classified using in vitro data in agreement with in vivo observations. We identified hepatic CYP enzymes responsible for metabolism of some compounds (praziquantel-1A2, 2C19, 3A4; primaquine-1A2, 3A4; chloroquine-2C8, 2D6, 3A4; artesunate-2A6; pyrantel-2D6). For the other compounds, we confirmed the role of previously reported CYPs for their metabolism and identified other CYPs involved which had not been reported before.Conclusion. Our results show that it is possible to make in vitro-in vivo predictions of high, intermediate and low CLint drug categories. The identified CYPs for some of the drugs provide a basis for how these drugs are expected to behave pharmacokinetically and help in predicting drug-drug interactions in vivo.

  DOI：

  10.1007/s00228-003-0636-9

文献信息

• Identification of human cytochrome P 450 s that metabolise anti-parasitic drugs and predictions of in vivo drug hepatic clearance from in vitro data
  作者：Xue-Qing Li、Anders Bj�rkman、Tommy B. Andersson、Lars L. Gustafsson、Collen M. Masimirembwa

  DOI：10.1007/s00228-003-0636-9

  日期：2003.9.1

  Objective. Knowledge about the metabolism of anti-parasitic drugs (APDs) will be helpful in ongoing efforts to optimise dosage recommendations in clinical practise. This study was performed to further identify the cytochrome P-450 (CYP) enzymes that metabolise major APDs and evaluate the possibility of predicting in vivo drug clearances from in vitro data.Methods. In vitro systems, rat and human liver microsomes (RLM, HLM) and recombinant cytochrome P-450 (rCYP), were used to determine the intrinsic clearance (CLint) and identify responsible CYPs and their relative contribution in the metabolism of 15 commonly used APDs.Results and discussion. CLint determined in RLM and HLM showed low (r(2)=0.50) but significant (P<0.01) correlation. The CLint values were scaled to predict in vivo hepatic clearance (CLH) using the 'venous equilibrium model'. The number of compounds with in vivo human CL data after intravenous administration was low (n=8), and the range of CL values covered by these compounds was not appropriate for a reasonable quantitative in vitro-in vivo correlation analysis. Using the CLH predicted from the in vitro data, the compounds could be classified into three different categories: high-clearance drugs (>70% liver blood flow; amodiaquine, praziquantel, albendazole, thiabendazole), low-clearance drugs (<30% liver blood flow; chloroquine, dapsone, diethylcarbamazine, pentamidine, primaquine, pyrantel, pyrimethamine, tinidazole) and intermediate clearance drugs (artemisinin, artesunate, quinine). With the exception of artemisinin, which is a high clearance drug in vivo, all other compounds were classified using in vitro data in agreement with in vivo observations. We identified hepatic CYP enzymes responsible for metabolism of some compounds (praziquantel-1A2, 2C19, 3A4; primaquine-1A2, 3A4; chloroquine-2C8, 2D6, 3A4; artesunate-2A6; pyrantel-2D6). For the other compounds, we confirmed the role of previously reported CYPs for their metabolism and identified other CYPs involved which had not been reported before.Conclusion. Our results show that it is possible to make in vitro-in vivo predictions of high, intermediate and low CLint drug categories. The identified CYPs for some of the drugs provide a basis for how these drugs are expected to behave pharmacokinetically and help in predicting drug-drug interactions in vivo.