phenazine-1-carboxylic acid imidazolide | 676350-75-7

• 分子结构分类: 有机化合物 - 有机杂环化合物 - 二氮杂萘
• 英文名称: phenazine-1-carboxylic acid imidazolide
• 英文别名: 1-(1H-imidazol-1-ylcarbonyl)phenazine；1-(1H-imidazol-1-ylcarbonyl) phenazine；imidazol-1-yl(phenazin-1-yl)methanone
• CAS: 676350-75-7
• 化学式: C₁₆H₁₀N₄O
• 分子量: 274.282
• InChiKey: UXYSLKGKVFPUJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N

物化性质

• 沸点：
  551.3±46.0 °C(Predicted)
• 密度：
  1.38±0.1 g/cm3(Predicted)

计算性质

• 辛醇/水分配系数(LogP)：
  2.3
• 重原子数：
  21
• 可旋转键数：
  1
• 环数：
  4.0
• sp3杂化的碳原子比例：
  0.0
• 拓扑面积：
  60.7
• 氢给体数：
  0
• 氢受体数：
  4

反应信息

• 作为反应物：
  描述：

  phenazine-1-carboxylic acid imidazolide 在 potassium carbonate 作用下， 以 四氢呋喃 、 甲醇 、 水 为溶剂， 反应 2.0h， 生成 N-1-[2-(N'-tert-butoxycarbonyl-N'-{2-[N-(aminoethyl)-N-tert-butoxycarbonyl]aminoethyl})aminoethyl]phenazine-1-carboxamide
  参考文献：
  名称：

  Synthesis and evaluation of unsymmetrical bis(arylcarboxamides) designed as topoisomerase-Targeted anticancer drugs

  摘要：

  Symmetrical dimers of lipophilic intercalating chromophores linked by cation-containing chains have recently been shown to have broad-spectrum in vivo anticancer activity. We report the preparation and evaluation of a series of both symmetric and unsymmetric dimers of a variety of intercalating chromophores of varied DNA binding strength, including naphthalimides, acridines, phenazines, oxanthrenes and 2-phenylquinolines. The unsymmetrical dimers were prepared by sequential coupling of the chromophores to linkers with selectively protected primary terminal amines to ensure high yields and unequivocal product. Protection of the internal (secondary) amines as BOC derivatives was used to ensure complete structural specificity, and was also an aid to the purification of these very polar compounds. The growth inhibitory abilities (as IC50 values) of the compounds in a range of cell lines showed that the nature of the linker chain was important, and independent of the nature of the chromophore, with compounds containing the dicationic linker [-(CH2)(2)NH(CH2)(2)NH(CH2)(2)-] being on average 30-fold more potent than the corresponding compounds containing the monocationic linker [-(CH2)(3)NMe(CH2)(3)-]. However, the chromophores also play a role in determining biological activity, with the cytotoxicities of symmetric and unsymmetric dicationic dimers correlating with the overall DNA binding abilities of the chromophores. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.

  DOI：

  10.1016/s0968-0896(01)00249-8
• 作为产物：
  描述：

  吩嗪-1-羧酸 、 N,N'-羰基二咪唑 生成 phenazine-1-carboxylic acid imidazolide
  参考文献：
  名称：

  DNA-Targeted 1,2,4-Benzotriazine 1,4-Dioxides:  Potent Analogues of the Hypoxia-Selective Cytotoxin Tirapazamine

  摘要：

  Tirapazamine (TPZ, 1,2,4-benzotriazin-3-amine 1,4-dioxide) is a bioreductive hypoxia-selective cytotoxin, currently in phase II/III clinical trials in combination with radiotherapy and with cisplatin-based chemotherapy. We have prepared a series of 1,2,4-benzotriazine 1,4-dioxide (BTO) analogues of TPZ where a DNA-targeting chromophore is attached at the 3-position via a flexible linker. DNA binding affinity was modified through variation of the chromophore or the pK(a) of the linker chain. The association constants (K-DNA) for calf thymus DNA ranged from 1 x 10(2) to 5.6 x 10(5) M-1 (ionic strength of 0.01 M). DNA binding affinity was dependent on the presence of a positive charge, either in the linker chain or in the chromophore, and (for a series of 4-acridine carboxamide chromophore analogues) correlated strongly with linker chain pKa. The efficacy of these BTOs in killing aerobic and hypoxic mouse SCCVII tumor cells in vitro was determined by clonogenic survival. Cytotoxicity was measured as the concentration required to reduce plating efficiency to 10% of controls (C-10), and the hypoxic cytotoxicity ratio (HCR) for each BTO was calculated as C-10(aerobic)/C-10(hypoxic). BTOs bearing a positive charge showed increased hypoxic cytotoxicity (1.5-56-fold) compared to TPZ and mostly modest HCRs (8-51), but some excellent (> 167 and 400) values. There was a strong correlation between K-DNA and hypoxic cytotoxicity but no correlation between K-DNA and HCR. Cytotoxicity in HT-29 human colon carcinoma cells, determined using IC50 assays, showed similar relationships with a correlation between KDNA and hypoxic cytotoxicity but no correlation between KDNA and HCR. In this cell line, a higher proportion of compounds (7 of 11) had HCRs greater than or equal to that of TPZ. The data confirm that DNA targeting is a useful concept for increasing potency while maintaining hypoxic selectivity and provide a direction for the further development of DNA-targeted analogues of TPZ.

  DOI：

  10.1021/jm030399c

文献信息

• [EN] DNA-TARGETED BENZOTRIAZINE 1,4-DIOXIDES AND THEIR USE IN CANCER THERAPY<br/>[FR] 1,4-DIOXIDES DE BENZOTRIAZINE CIBLEES SUR ADN ET LEUR UTILISATION DANS LE TRAITEMENT DU CANCER
  申请人：AUCKLAND UNISERVICES LTD

  公开号：WO2004026846A1

  公开（公告）日：2004-04-01

  The present invention relates to DNA-targeted 1,2,4-benzotriazine- 1,4-dioxides and related analogues, to their preparation, and to their use as hypoxia-selective drugs and radiosensitizers for cancer therapy, both alone or in combination with radiation and/or other anticancer drugs.

  本发明涉及以DNA为靶标的1,2,4-苯并三氮唑-1,4-二氧化物及相关类似物，其制备方法，以及它们作为针对缺氧选择性药物和放射增敏剂在癌症治疗中的应用，无论是单独使用还是与放射线和/或其他抗癌药物结合使用。
• Dna-targeted benzotriazine 1,4-dioxides and their use in cancer therapy
  申请人：Brown Martin J.

  公开号：US20070191372A1

  公开（公告）日：2007-08-16

  The present invention relates to DNA-targeted 1,2,4-benzotriazine-1,4-dioxides and related analogues, to their preparation, and to their use as hypoxia-selective drugs and radiosensitizers for cancer therapy, both alone or in combination with radiation and/or other anticancer drugs.

  本发明涉及以DNA为靶点的1,2,4-苯并三氮唑-1,4-二氧化物及其相关类似物，其制备方法以及它们作为低氧选择性药物和放射增敏剂在癌症治疗中的使用，可以单独使用或与放射线和/或其他抗癌药物结合使用。
• Synthesis and evaluation of unsymmetrical bis(arylcarboxamides) designed as topoisomerase-Targeted anticancer drugs
  作者：Julie A Spicer、Swarna A Gamage、Graeme J Finlay、William A Denny

  DOI：10.1016/s0968-0896(01)00249-8

  日期：2002.1

  Symmetrical dimers of lipophilic intercalating chromophores linked by cation-containing chains have recently been shown to have broad-spectrum in vivo anticancer activity. We report the preparation and evaluation of a series of both symmetric and unsymmetric dimers of a variety of intercalating chromophores of varied DNA binding strength, including naphthalimides, acridines, phenazines, oxanthrenes and 2-phenylquinolines. The unsymmetrical dimers were prepared by sequential coupling of the chromophores to linkers with selectively protected primary terminal amines to ensure high yields and unequivocal product. Protection of the internal (secondary) amines as BOC derivatives was used to ensure complete structural specificity, and was also an aid to the purification of these very polar compounds. The growth inhibitory abilities (as IC50 values) of the compounds in a range of cell lines showed that the nature of the linker chain was important, and independent of the nature of the chromophore, with compounds containing the dicationic linker [-(CH2)(2)NH(CH2)(2)NH(CH2)(2)-] being on average 30-fold more potent than the corresponding compounds containing the monocationic linker [-(CH2)(3)NMe(CH2)(3)-]. However, the chromophores also play a role in determining biological activity, with the cytotoxicities of symmetric and unsymmetric dicationic dimers correlating with the overall DNA binding abilities of the chromophores. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.
• DNA-Targeted 1,2,4-Benzotriazine 1,4-Dioxides:  Potent Analogues of the Hypoxia-Selective Cytotoxin Tirapazamine
  作者：Michael P. Hay、Frederik B. Pruijn、Swarna A. Gamage、H. D. Sarath Liyanage、Mary S. Kovacs、Adam V. Patterson、William R. Wilson、J. Martin Brown、William A. Denny

  DOI：10.1021/jm030399c

  日期：2004.1.1

  Tirapazamine (TPZ, 1,2,4-benzotriazin-3-amine 1,4-dioxide) is a bioreductive hypoxia-selective cytotoxin, currently in phase II/III clinical trials in combination with radiotherapy and with cisplatin-based chemotherapy. We have prepared a series of 1,2,4-benzotriazine 1,4-dioxide (BTO) analogues of TPZ where a DNA-targeting chromophore is attached at the 3-position via a flexible linker. DNA binding affinity was modified through variation of the chromophore or the pK(a) of the linker chain. The association constants (K-DNA) for calf thymus DNA ranged from 1 x 10(2) to 5.6 x 10(5) M-1 (ionic strength of 0.01 M). DNA binding affinity was dependent on the presence of a positive charge, either in the linker chain or in the chromophore, and (for a series of 4-acridine carboxamide chromophore analogues) correlated strongly with linker chain pKa. The efficacy of these BTOs in killing aerobic and hypoxic mouse SCCVII tumor cells in vitro was determined by clonogenic survival. Cytotoxicity was measured as the concentration required to reduce plating efficiency to 10% of controls (C-10), and the hypoxic cytotoxicity ratio (HCR) for each BTO was calculated as C-10(aerobic)/C-10(hypoxic). BTOs bearing a positive charge showed increased hypoxic cytotoxicity (1.5-56-fold) compared to TPZ and mostly modest HCRs (8-51), but some excellent (> 167 and 400) values. There was a strong correlation between K-DNA and hypoxic cytotoxicity but no correlation between K-DNA and HCR. Cytotoxicity in HT-29 human colon carcinoma cells, determined using IC50 assays, showed similar relationships with a correlation between KDNA and hypoxic cytotoxicity but no correlation between KDNA and HCR. In this cell line, a higher proportion of compounds (7 of 11) had HCRs greater than or equal to that of TPZ. The data confirm that DNA targeting is a useful concept for increasing potency while maintaining hypoxic selectivity and provide a direction for the further development of DNA-targeted analogues of TPZ.