USE OF NITROGEN COMPOUNDS QUATERNISED WITH ALKYLENE OXIDE AND HYDROCARBYL-SUBSTITUTED POLYCARBOXYLIC ACID AS ADDITIVES IN FUELS AND LUBRICANTS
申请人:BASF SE
公开号:US20160130514A1
公开(公告)日:2016-05-12
The invention relates to the use of quaternized nitrogen compounds as a fuel and lubricant additive or kerosene additive, such as in particular as a detergent additive, for decreasing or preventing deposits in the injection systems of direct-injection diesel engines, in particular in common rail injection systems, for decreasing the fuel consumption of direct-injection diesel engines, in particular of diesel engines having common rail injection systems, and for minimizing the power loss in direct-injection diesel engines, in particular in diesel engines having common rail injection systems; the invention further relates to the use as an additive for petrol, in particular for operation of DISI engines.
PROCESS FOR PREPARING SUBSTITUTED PYRIDONE COMPOUNDS
申请人:Xerox Corporation
公开号:US20040006234A1
公开(公告)日:2004-01-08
Disclosed is a process for preparing substituted pyridone compounds which comprises (a) admixing in the absence of a solvent (1) an amine of the formula R
1
—NH
2
wherein R
1
is an alkyl group, an aryl group, an arylalkyl group, or an alkylaryl group, and (2) a first ester of the formula
1
wherein R
2
is an electron withdrawing group and R
3
is an alkyl group; (b) heating the mixture containing the amine and the first ester to form an intermediate compound of the formula
2
(c) admixing the intermediate compound with (1) a base and (2) a second ester of the formula
3
wherein R
4
is an alkyl group, an aryl group, an arylalkyl group, or an alkylaryl group and R
5
is an alkyl group, said second ester being present in a molar excess relative to the intermediate compound, said base being present in a molar excess relative to the intermediate compound, and (d) heating the mixture containing the intermediate compound, the second ester, and the base to form a pyridone compound of the formula
4
or a salt thereof. Also disclosed is a process for preparing diazopyridone colorants which comprises preparing a pyridone compound by the above process and reacting the pyridone compound with a diazonium salt to form a diazopyridone compound.
Transport molecules include a dendrimer and a biologically active molecule. The dendrimer of such transport molecules includes at least one guanidine group, at least one protonated guanidine group, at least one protected guanidine group, at least one amidine group, at least one protonated amidine group, at least one protected amidine group, at least one ureido group, at least one protonated ureido group, at least one protected ureido group, at least one thioureido group, at least one protonated thioureido group, or at least one protected thioureido group. The biologically active molecule is bonded to the dendrimer. A method of increasing the bioavailability of a drug includes bonding the drug to a dendrimer of the invention.
The present invention is drawn to a compound of formula (1):
wherein R
f
is C
1
to C
6
linear or branched fluoroalkyl, X is F or Cl, and R
1
is H, CH
3
, or CH
2
CH
3
. The compound can be used to form partially fluorinated alcohols, derivatives, and polymers. Thus, the present invention provides compounds having lower fluorine content, the process for making lower fluorine containing compounds, and derivatives made from lower fluorine containing alcohols.
Oxidation of putrescine and cadaverine derivatives by diamine oxidases
作者:Angela M. Equi、Alison M. Brown、Alan Cooper、Surjit K. Her、Allan B. Watson、David J. Robins
DOI:10.1016/s0040-4020(01)90506-x
日期:1991.1
assayed as substrates for the diamine oxidases from peaseedlings and pigkidney. KM and Vmax data are reported, mainly for the pea enzyme. N-Alkylputrescines and C-alkylcadaverines are generally poorer substrates than the parent compounds with up to 4500-fold reduction in Vmax. There is significantly less variation in KM values, indicating that the binding site of the pea enzyme is relatively non-specific