A Copper-Catalyzed Synthesis of 3-Aroylindoles via a sp3 C–H Bond Activation Followed by C–C and C–O Bond Formation
摘要:
An efficient Cu(I)-catalyzed synthesis of 3-aroylindoles has been achieved from o-alkynylated N,N-dimethylamines via a sp(3) C-H bond activation a to the nitrogen atom followed by an intramolecular nucleophilic attack with the alkyne using an aqueous solution of tert-butyl hydroperoxide (TBHP) as the oxidant. In this tandem catalytic synthesis of 3-aroylindoles both C-C and C-O bonds are installed at the expense of two sp(3) C-H bond cleavages.
A palladium-catalyzed tandem cyclization/C-H functionalization of two alkynes was accomplished to construct a series of polycyclic functionalized indoles. A range of internal alkynes bearing synthetically useful functional groups were tolerated. A good regioselectivity was observed when alkyl-substituted alkynes were introduced into the reaction system, and a single product was obtained. Molecular oxygen was used as the terminal oxidant in the approach, rendering the reaction more sustainable.
A Novel Synthetic Route to 3-Sulfenyl- and 3-Selenylindoles by <i>n</i>-Bu<sub>4</sub>NI-Induced Electrophilic Cyclization
作者:Yu Chen、Chul-Hee Cho、Richard C. Larock
DOI:10.1021/ol8021287
日期:2009.1.1
3-Sulfenyl- and 3-selenylindoles are prepared In excellent yields by the palladium/copper-catalyzed crossing coupling of N,N-dialkyl-o-iodoanilines and terminal alkynes, followed by electrophilic cyclization with arylsulfenyl chlorides and arylselenyl chlorides in the presence of a stoichiometric amount of n-Bu4NI.
An efficient, microwave-assisted, one-pot synthesis of indoles under Sonogashira conditions
作者:Yu Chen、Nataliya A. Markina、Richard C. Larock
DOI:10.1016/j.tet.2009.07.075
日期:2009.10
A microwave-assisted, one-pot, three-component coupling reaction for the synthesis of indoles has been developed. The reaction is carried out in two steps under standard Sonogashira coupling conditions from an N-substituted/N,N-disubstituted 2-iodoaniline and a terminal alkyne, followed by the addition of acetonitrile and an aryl iodide. A variety of polysubstituted indoles have been prepared in moderate to excellent yields using the present method. (C) 2009 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.