2-bromo-N-(9H-fluoren-9-yl)acetamide | 1026419-39-5

• 分子结构分类: 有机化合物 - 苯类化合物 - 芴
• 英文名称: 2-bromo-N-(9H-fluoren-9-yl)acetamide
• CAS: 1026419-39-5
• 化学式: C₁₅H₁₂BrNO
• 分子量: 302.17
• InChiKey: ZGGACEXGLRWNMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N

计算性质

• 辛醇/水分配系数(LogP)：
  3.6
• 重原子数：
  18
• 可旋转键数：
  2
• 环数：
  3.0
• sp3杂化的碳原子比例：
  0.13
• 拓扑面积：
  29.1
• 氢给体数：
  1
• 氢受体数：
  1

反应信息

• 作为反应物：
  描述：

  2-bromo-N-(9H-fluoren-9-yl)acetamide 在 sodium hydroxide 、 N,N-二异丙基乙胺 作用下， 以 乙醇 、 乙腈 为溶剂， 生成 trans,trans-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-4-(1,3-benzodioxol-5-yl)-1-[(fluorenyl-9-amino)carbonylmethyl]pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid
  参考文献：
  名称：

  Design, Synthesis, and Activity of a Series of Pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic Acid-Based, Highly Specific, Orally Active ET_B Antagonists Containing a Diphenylmethylamine Acetamide Side Chain

  摘要：

  The endothelin (ET)-B receptor subtype is expressed on vascular endothelial and smooth muscle cells and mediates both vasodilation and vasoconstriction. On the basis of the pharmacophore of the previously reported ETA-specific antagonist 1, (ABT-627), we are reporting the discovery of a novel series of highly specific, orally active ETB receptor antagonists. Replacing the dibutylaminoacetamide group of 1 with a diphenylmethylaminoacetamide group resulted in antagonist 2 with a complete reversal of receptor specificity. Structure-activity relationship studies revealed that ortho-alkylation of the phenyl rings could further increase ETB affinity and also boost the ETA/ETB activity ratio of the resulting antagonists. A similar antagonism selectivity profile could also be achieved when one of the phenyl rings of the acetamide side chain was replaced with an alkyl group, preferably a tert-butyl group,(10h). Combining these features with modification of the a-aryl group of the pyrrolidine core, we have identified a potent antagonist (9k, A-308165) with over 27 000-fold selectivity favoring the ETB receptor and an acceptable pharmacokinetic profile (F = 24%) in rats.

  DOI：

  10.1021/jm990171i
• 作为产物：
  描述：

  溴乙酰氯 、 9-氨基芴 在 三乙胺 作用下， 以 N,N-二甲基甲酰胺 为溶剂， 反应 1.0h， 生成 2-bromo-N-(9H-fluoren-9-yl)acetamide
  参考文献：
  名称：

  通过点击化学抑制人 α-1,3-岩藻糖基转移酶的强效和高选择性抑制剂

  摘要：

  由于围绕糖基转移反应家族的固有障碍，岩藻糖基转移酶和糖基转移酶的强效抑制剂一直难以捉摸。底物亲和力弱和岩藻糖基转移酶催化效率低的问题通过招募额外的结合特征（在这种情况下为疏水相互作用）来产生高亲和力抑制剂 24，Ki = 62 nM 得到了抵消。该分子是从包含 85 种化合物的 GDP-三唑文库中鉴定出来的，这些化合物是通过 Cu(I) 催化的叠氮化物和乙炔反应物之间的 [2 + 3] 环加成反应产生的，然后在没有产物分离的情况下进行原位筛选。

  DOI：

  10.1021/ja0302836

文献信息

• Design, synthesis and evaluation of novel ¹⁹F magnetic resonance sensitive protein tyrosine phosphatase inhibitors
  作者：Yu Li、Guiquan Xia、Qi Guo、Li Wu、Shizhen Chen、Zhigang Yang、Wei Wang、Zhong-Yin Zhang、Xin Zhou、Zhong-Xing Jiang

  DOI：10.1039/c6md00277c

  日期：——

  Fluorine is a highly attractive element for both medicinal chemistry and imaging technologies. To facilitate protein tyrosine phosphatase (PTP)-targeted drug discovery and imaging-guided PTP research on fluorine, several highly potent and 19F MR sensitive PTP inhibitors were discovered through a structure-based focused library strategy.

  氟对于药物化学和成像技术都是极具吸引力的元素。为了促进针对蛋白质酪氨酸磷酸酶（PTP）的药物发现和对氟的成像指导PTP研究，通过基于结构的聚焦文库策略发现了几种高效和19 F MR敏感的PTP抑制剂。
• Targeting mycobacterium protein tyrosine phosphatase B for antituberculosis agents
  作者：Bo Zhou、Yantao He、Xian Zhang、Jie Xu、Yong Luo、Yuehong Wang、Scott G. Franzblau、Zhenyun Yang、Rebecca J. Chan、Yan Liu、Jianyu Zheng、Zhong-Yin Zhang

  DOI：10.1073/pnas.0909133107

  日期：2010.3.9

  We uncovered that mPTPB subverts the innate immune responses by blocking the ERK1/2 and p38 mediated IL-6 production and promoting host cell survival by activating the Akt pathway. We identified a potent and selective mPTPB inhibitor I-A09 with highly efficacious cellular activity, from a combinatorial library of bidentate benzofuran salicylic acid derivatives assembled by click chemistry. We demonstrated

  蛋白质酪氨酸磷酸酶常被病原菌利用和破坏，引起人类疾病。来自结核分枝杆菌的酪氨酸磷酸酶 mPTPB 是一种必需的毒力因子，由细菌分泌到巨噬细胞的细胞质中，在那里它介导分枝杆菌在宿主中的存活。因此，人们对了解 mPTPB 逃避宿主免疫反应的机制以及开发作为独特抗结核 (antiTB) 药物的强效和选择性 mPTPB 抑制剂具有相当大的兴趣。我们发现 mPTPB 通过阻断 ERK1/2 和 p38 介导的 IL-6 产生并通过激活 Akt 通路促进宿主细胞存活来破坏先天免疫反应。我们鉴定了一种具有高效细胞活性的强效选择性 mPTPB 抑制剂 I-A09，来自通过点击化学组装的双齿苯并呋喃水杨酸衍生物的组合文库。我们证明了在巨噬细胞中用 I-A09 抑制 mPTPB 可以逆转细菌磷酸酶诱导的宿主免疫反应的改变，并防止宿主细胞中的结核病生长。结果提供了必要的原理验证数据，以支持 mPTPB 的特定抑制剂可作为有效的抗结核治疗剂的观点。
• A Potent and Highly Selective Inhibitor of Human α-1,3-Fucosyltransferase via Click Chemistry
  作者：Lac V. Lee、Michael L. Mitchell、Shih-Jung Huang、Valery V. Fokin、K. Barry Sharpless、Chi-Huey Wong

  DOI：10.1021/ja0302836

  日期：2003.8.1

  Potent inhibitors of fucosyltransferases, and glycosyltransferases in general, have been elusive due to the inherent barriers surrounding the family of glycosyltransfer reactions. The problems of weak substrate affinity and low catalytic proficiency of fucosyltransferase was offset by recruiting additional binding features, in this case hydrophobic interactions, to produce a high affinity inhibitor

  由于围绕糖基转移反应家族的固有障碍，岩藻糖基转移酶和糖基转移酶的强效抑制剂一直难以捉摸。底物亲和力弱和岩藻糖基转移酶催化效率低的问题通过招募额外的结合特征（在这种情况下为疏水相互作用）来产生高亲和力抑制剂 24，Ki = 62 nM 得到了抵消。该分子是从包含 85 种化合物的 GDP-三唑文库中鉴定出来的，这些化合物是通过 Cu(I) 催化的叠氮化物和乙炔反应物之间的 [2 + 3] 环加成反应产生的，然后在没有产物分离的情况下进行原位筛选。
• Salicylic Acid Based Small Molecule Inhibitor for the Oncogenic Src Homology-2 Domain Containing Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase-2 (SHP2)
  作者：Xian Zhang、Yantao He、Sijiu Liu、Zhihong Yu、Zhong-Xing Jiang、Zhenyun Yang、Yuanshu Dong、Sarah C. Nabinger、Li Wu、Andrea M. Gunawan、Lina Wang、Rebecca J. Chan、Zhong-Yin Zhang

  DOI：10.1021/jm901645u

  日期：2010.3.25

  homology-2 domain containing protein tyrosine phosphatase-2 (SHP2) plays a pivotal role in growth factor and cytokine signaling. Gain-of-function SHP2 mutations are associated with Noonan syndrome, various kinds of leukemias, and solid tumors. Thus, there is considerable interest in SHP2 as a potential target for anticancer and antileukemia therapy. We report a salicylic acid based combinatorial library approach

  Src homology-2 域包含蛋白酪氨酸磷酸酶-2 (SHP2) 在生长因子和细胞因子信号传导中起关键作用。功能获得性 SHP2 突变与 Noonan 综合征、各种白血病和实体瘤有关。因此，人们对 SHP2 作为抗癌和抗白血病治疗的潜在靶点有相当大的兴趣。我们报告了一种基于水杨酸的组合文库方法，旨在结合活性位点和附近独特的亚袋，以提高亲和力和选择性。文库的筛选导致鉴定出具有高效细胞活性的 SHP2 抑制剂 II-B08（化合物9）。化合物9阻断生长因子刺激的 ERK1/2 激活和造血祖细胞增殖，提供支持证据表明 SHP2 的化学抑制可能对抗癌和抗白血病治疗有治疗作用。与9复合的 SHP2 结构的 X 射线晶体学分析揭示了可用于获得更有效和选择性 SHP2 抑制剂的分子决定因素。
• Design, Synthesis, and Activity of a Series of Pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic Acid-Based, Highly Specific, Orally Active ET_B Antagonists Containing a Diphenylmethylamine Acetamide Side Chain
  作者：Gang Liu、Natasha S. Kozmina、Martin Winn、Thomas W. von Geldern、William J. Chiou、Douglas B. Dixon、Bach Nguyen、Kennan C. Marsh、Terry J. Opgenorth

  DOI：10.1021/jm990171i

  日期：1999.9.1

  The endothelin (ET)-B receptor subtype is expressed on vascular endothelial and smooth muscle cells and mediates both vasodilation and vasoconstriction. On the basis of the pharmacophore of the previously reported ETA-specific antagonist 1, (ABT-627), we are reporting the discovery of a novel series of highly specific, orally active ETB receptor antagonists. Replacing the dibutylaminoacetamide group of 1 with a diphenylmethylaminoacetamide group resulted in antagonist 2 with a complete reversal of receptor specificity. Structure-activity relationship studies revealed that ortho-alkylation of the phenyl rings could further increase ETB affinity and also boost the ETA/ETB activity ratio of the resulting antagonists. A similar antagonism selectivity profile could also be achieved when one of the phenyl rings of the acetamide side chain was replaced with an alkyl group, preferably a tert-butyl group,(10h). Combining these features with modification of the a-aryl group of the pyrrolidine core, we have identified a potent antagonist (9k, A-308165) with over 27 000-fold selectivity favoring the ETB receptor and an acceptable pharmacokinetic profile (F = 24%) in rats.