3-(4-fluorophenyl)-2-phenylpropanenitrile | 72035-44-0

• 分子结构分类: 有机化合物 - 苯丙烷和聚酮 - 二苯乙烯类
• 英文名称: 3-(4-fluorophenyl)-2-phenylpropanenitrile
• CAS: 72035-44-0
• 化学式: C₁₅H₁₂FN
• 分子量: 225.265
• InChiKey: VZQCLNUIEDWWJG-UHFFFAOYSA-N

计算性质

• 辛醇/水分配系数(LogP)：
  3.7
• 重原子数：
  17
• 可旋转键数：
  3
• 环数：
  2.0
• sp3杂化的碳原子比例：
  0.13
• 拓扑面积：
  23.8
• 氢给体数：
  0
• 氢受体数：
  2

反应信息

• 作为反应物：
  描述：

  3-(4-fluorophenyl)-2-phenylpropanenitrile 、 乙二醇甲醚 、 (2-aminoethyl)hydrazine 生成 3-[2-(4-fluoro-phenyl)-1-phenyl-ethyl]-1,4,5,6-tetrahydro-[1,2,4]triazine
  参考文献：
  名称：

  SPATZ, D. M.;WIDNER, P. J.

  摘要：

  DOI：
• 作为产物：
  描述：

  (Z)-3-(4-fluorophenyl)-2-phenylacrylonitrile 在 sodium tetrahydroborate 作用下， 以 N,N-二甲基甲酰胺 为溶剂， 生成 3-(4-fluorophenyl)-2-phenylpropanenitrile
  参考文献：
  名称：

  Reduction of .alpha.,.beta.-diarylacrylonitriles by sodium borohydride

  摘要：

  DOI：

  10.1021/jo01289a038

文献信息

• Iron-Catalyzed Alkylation of Nitriles with Alcohols
  作者：Wei Ma、Suya Cui、Huamin Sun、Weijun Tang、Dong Xue、Chaoqun Li、Juan Fan、Jianliang Xiao、Chao Wang

  DOI：10.1002/chem.201803762

  日期：2018.9.6

  A general, efficient iron‐catalyzed α‐alkylation of nitriles with primary alcohols through a hydrogen‐borrowing pathway has been developed, allowing a wide variety of alkylated nitriles to be readily accessible. Detailed mechanistic studies suggest that the reaction proceeds via an olefin intermediate with the turnover rate limited by the hydrogenation of the olefin with an iron hydride. Apart from

  已经开发了一种普遍的，通过氢借入途径与伯醇进行的高效铁催化的腈与伯醇的α-烷基化反应，使各种烷基化的腈均易于获得。详细的机理研究表明，反应是通过烯烃中间体进行的，其转化率受烯烃与氢化铁的氢化作用所限制。除了参与烷基化以外，还发现腈在促进活性催化物质的形成和稳定中起着重要作用。
• Nickel-catalyzed hydrogen-borrowing strategy: chemo-selective alkylation of nitriles with alcohols
  作者：Sourajit Bera、Atanu Bera、Debasis Banerjee

  DOI：10.1039/d0cc02261f

  日期：——

  The first nickel-catalyzed hydrogen-borrowing alkylation of a series of aryl acetonitriles with a variety of aryl, heteroaryl, allylic and alkyl alcohols releasing water as the by-product (>33 examples, up to 90% yield) is reported.

  报道了一系列芳基乙腈与各种芳基，杂芳基，烯丙基和烷基醇的首次镍催化的氢借用烷基化反应，释放出副产物水（> 33例，产率高达90％）。
• Atmosphere-Controlled Chemoselectivity: Rhodium-Catalyzed Alkylation and Olefination of Alkylnitriles with Alcohols
  作者：Junjun Li、Yuxuan Liu、Weijun Tang、Dong Xue、Chaoqun Li、Jianliang Xiao、Chao Wang

  DOI：10.1002/chem.201704037

  日期：2017.10.17

  The chemoselective alkylation and olefination of alkylnitriles with alcohols have been developed by simply controlling the reaction atmosphere. A binuclear rhodium complex catalyzes the alkylation reaction under argon through a hydrogen‐borrowing pathway and the olefination reaction under oxygen through aerobic dehydrogenation. Broad substrate scope is demonstrated, permitting the synthesis of some

  通过简单地控制反应气氛，已经开发了烷基腈与醇的化学选择性烷基化和烯化。双核铑配合物可通过氢借入途径催化氩气下的烷基化反应，而需氧脱氢则可催化氧气下的烯化反应。展示了广泛的底物范围，可以合成一些重要的有机结构单元。机理研究表明，烷基化产物可通过氢化铑将烯烃中间体共轭还原而形成，而烯烃产物的形成可能是由于氢化铑络合物与分子氧的氧化所致。
• Base‐Promoted α‐Alkylation of Arylacetonitriles with Alcohols
  作者：Bivas Chandra Roy、Istikhar A. Ansari、Sk. Abdus Samim、Sabuj Kundu

  DOI：10.1002/asia.201900285

  日期：2019.7

  A practical method to synthesize α‐alkylated arylacetonitriles from arylacetonitriles and alcohols without using any expensive transition metal complexes is demonstrated here. Following this base‐catalysed sustainable procedure, various arylacetonitriles were successfully alkylated with different alcohols. The practical applicability of this protocol was extended by one‐pot synthesis of important carboxylic

  本文展示了一种从芳基乙腈和醇类合成α-烷基化芳基乙腈的实用方法，无需使用任何昂贵的过渡金属络合物。按照这种碱催化的可持续程序，各种芳基乙腈已成功地用不同的醇烷基化。通过重要的羧酸衍生物的一锅法合成扩展了该协议的实际适用性。
• Dialkylamino cyclopentadienyl ruthenium(<scp>ii</scp>) complex-catalyzed α-alkylation of arylacetonitriles with primary alcohols
  作者：Hung Wai Cheung、Juan Li、Wenxu Zheng、Zhongyuan Zhou、Yu Hin Chiu、Zhenyang Lin、Chak Po Lau

  DOI：10.1039/b917805h

  日期：——

  Aminocyclopentadienyl ruthenium complexes, [(η5-C5H4NMe2)Ru(PPh3)2(CH3CN)]+BF4− and [(η5-C5H4NEt2)Ru(PPh3)2(CH3CN)]+BF4−, are moderately active catalysts for α-alkylation of arylacetonitriles with primary alcohols; on the other hand, the analogous unsubstituted cyclopentadienyl ruthenium complex [(η5-C5H5)Ru(PPh3)2(CH3CN)]+BF4− shows very low catalytic activity. On the basis of experimental results and theoretical calculations, rationalization for the much higher catalytic activity of the aminocyclopentadienyl complexes over that of the unsubstituted Cp complex is provided. In the catalytic systems with the former, it is possible to regenerate the active solvento complexes via protonation of the metal hydride intermediates and subsequent ligand substitution; this process is, however, very nonfacile in the catalytic system with the latter.

  氨基环戊二烯基钌配合物 [(η⁵-C₅H₄NMe₂)Ru(PPh₃)₂(CH₃CN)]⁺BF₄⁻ 和 [(η⁵-C₅H₄NEt₂)Ru(PPh₃)₂(CH₃CN)]⁺BF₄⁻ 是对芳基乙腈与初级醇的α-烷基化反应具有适度活性的催化剂；另一方面，类似的未取代环戊二烯基钌配合物 [(η⁵-C₅H₅)Ru(PPh₃)₂(CH₃CN)]⁺BF₄⁻ 显示出非常低的催化活性。根据实验结果和理论计算，对氨基环戊二烯基配合物相较于未取代Cp配合物的催化活性显著更高的原因进行了合理解释。在采用前者的催化体系中，可以通过金属氢化物中间体的质子化和随后的配体置换来再生活性溶剂配合物；然而，在后者的催化体系中，这一过程则非常不易。