Kinetics of Zn-5,15-di(ortho-methyloxyphenyl)-2,8,12,18-tetramethyl-3,7,13,17-tetrabutylporphyrin oxidation by organic peroxides in o-xylene
摘要:
A spectrophotometric and quantum chemical (PM3) study of the structure and properties of Zn-5,15-di(ortho-methyloxyphenyl)-2,8,12,18-tetramethyl-3,7,13,17- tetrabutylporphyrin (ZnP(I)) in its oxidation with organic peroxides in o-xylene at T = 295 K is presented. The kinetic parameters (k(app), k(v)) of this reaction are reported. The reactivities of strained zinc porphyrinates (ZnP(I), Zn-5,15-di(ortho-methyloxyphenyl)-2,3,7,8,12,13,17,18-octamethylporphyrin (ZnP(II)), and a zinc porphyrin with a 2,5-dimethoxyphenylene "cover" (ZnP(III))) are compared. The electronic and conformational properties of the macrocycle are significant factors in the interaction of the metalloporphyrins with the peroxides. The structures of the reactants and intermediates have been calculated by the PM3 method. The macrocycle of ZnP(I) has a distorted structure. The degree and type of distortion are estimated. When reacting with the peroxides, the metalloporphyrin changes its structure so that the macrocycle becomes still more strained, and this enhances its reactivity.
An indium(0)-metal-mediated efficient synthesis of benzylic hydroperoxides is described. The reaction proceeds efficiently with a broad range of benzyl bromides under aerobic conditions at room temperature to afford benzyl hydroperoxides in good to excellent yields. In addition, the tandem hydroperoxidation-Michael addition of (E)-1-(bromomethyl)-2-(2-nitrovinyl)benzene was also demonstrated.
Herein, we report a catalyticenantioselectiveaddition of C-alkynyl imines with hydroperoxides catalyzed by chiral BINOL calcium phosphate, affording a broad range of enantioenriched α-peroxy propargylamines in good yields (80–99%) with high enantioselectivities (up to 94% ee). The protocol is characterized by mild conditions, easy accessibility and good practicability.
The invention provides unsaturated phosphonates of Formula I or a tautomer or pharmaceutically accepatble salt thereof, as described herein, as well as pharmaceutical compositions comprising the compounds, and therapeutic methods comprising administering the compounds. The compounds have anti-viral properties and are useful for treating viral infections (e.g. HCV) in animals (e.g. humans).
Disclosed is an optimized process and apparatus for more efficiently and economically carrying out the liquid-phase oxidation of an oxidizable compound. Such liquid-phase oxidation is carried out in a bubble column reactor that provides for a highly efficient reaction at relatively low temperatures. When the oxidized compound is para-xylene and the product from the oxidation reaction is crude terephthalic acid (CTA), such CTA product can be purified and separated by more economical techniques than could be employed if the CTA were formed by a conventional high-temperature oxidation process.
Selective liquid phase oxidation of o-xylene with gaseous oxygen by transition metal containing polysiloxane initiator/catalyst systems
作者:Tobias Förster、Stephan A. Schunk、Andreas Jentys、Johannes A. Lercher
DOI:10.1016/j.jcat.2011.06.019
日期:2011.10
The selective liquid phase oxidation of o-xylene over hydrophobic porous Co2+ and Mn3+ containing polysiloxane catalysts showed that both catalysts had higher activity than the homogeneous benchmark system Co naphthenate. The solid catalyst/initiator systems accelerate the radical initiation and the hydroperoxide decomposition. 2-Methylbenzyl hydroperoxide plays a key role in the reaction network as