6-(trifluoromethyl)tetrazolo[1,5-a]pyridine | 143812-60-6

• 分子结构分类: 有机化合物 - 有机杂环化合物 - 吡啶及其衍生物
• 英文名称: 6-(trifluoromethyl)tetrazolo[1,5-a]pyridine
• CAS: 143812-60-6
• 化学式: C₆H₃F₃N₄
• mdl: MFCD00841246
• 分子量: 188.112
• InChiKey: TYOKQGRVUXUOSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N

物化性质

• 密度：
  1.69±0.1 g/cm3(Predicted)

计算性质

• 辛醇/水分配系数(LogP)：
  0.8
• 重原子数：
  13
• 可旋转键数：
  0
• 环数：
  2.0
• sp3杂化的碳原子比例：
  0.166
• 拓扑面积：
  43.1
• 氢给体数：
  0
• 氢受体数：
  6

反应信息

• 作为反应物：
  描述：

  6-(trifluoromethyl)tetrazolo[1,5-a]pyridine 以 三氟乙酸 为溶剂， 生成 5-trifluoromethyl-2-azidopyridine
  参考文献：
  名称：

  1H,13C and15N NMR and IR studies of halogen-substituted tetrazolo[1,5-a]pyridines

  摘要：

  The tetrazole-azide tautomerization of some halogen-substituted tetrazolo[1,5-a]pyridines was examined by IR spectroscopy at ambient temperature and by H-1,C-13 and N-15 NMR spectroscopy at various temperatures. The tetrazolopyridines can exhibit equilibrium between the azide and the tetrazole forms. For some of them slow exchange occurs on the NMR time-scale, such that it is possible to estimate equilibrium constants. The position and nature of the substituent in the pyridine ring result in stabilization or destabilization of the tetrazole form and exert a strong influence on the values found for the equilibrium constants. A saturation transfer experiment was carried out for 5-bromotetrazolo[1,5-a]pyridine and the rate constants were estimated. Moreover, based on the van't Hoff equation, the enthalpy Delta H degrees and entropy Delta S degrees for the tautomerization were calculated. Ab initio calculated energies and charge distribution are in good agreement with differences observed in the tetrazole-azide equilibrium constants. Copyright (C) 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

  DOI：

  10.1002/(sici)1099-1395(199906)12:6<470::aid-poc151>3.0.co;2-u
• 作为产物：
  描述：

  2-溴-5-(三氟甲基)吡啶 在 盐酸 、 sodium azide 作用下， 以 乙醇 、 水 为溶剂， 以72 %的产率得到6-(trifluoromethyl)tetrazolo[1,5-a]pyridine
  参考文献：
  名称：

  通过自由基激活机制铁催化分子间 C-N 交叉偶联反应

  摘要：

  在铁催化条件下，使用四唑、芳香族和脂肪族叠氮化物与硼酸，发现了分子间 C-N 交叉偶联胺化的概念。胺化遵循前所未有的金属自由基活化机制，不同于传统的金属催化的 C-N 交叉偶联反应。该反应的范围已通过大量四唑、叠氮化物和硼酸的使用得到证明。此外，还展示了几种后期胺化反应和候选药物的简短合成，以供进一步的合成应用。总的来说，这种铁催化的 C-N 交叉偶联应该在药物化学、药物发现和制药工业中具有广泛的应用。

  DOI：

  10.1021/jacs.3c05627

文献信息

• Dual Reactivity of 1,2,3,4‐Tetrazole: Manganese‐Catalyzed Click Reaction and Denitrogenative Annulation
  作者：Hillol Khatua、Sandip Kumar Das、Satyajit Roy、Buddhadeb Chattopadhyay

  DOI：10.1002/anie.202009078

  日期：2021.1.4

  A general catalytic method using a Mn‐porphyrin‐based catalytic system is reported that enables two different reactions (click reaction and denitrogenative annulation) and affords two different classes of nitrogen heterocycles, 1,5‐disubstituted 1,2,3‐triazoles (with a pyridyl motif) and 1,2,4‐triazolo‐pyridines. Mechanistic investigations suggest that although the click reaction likely proceeds through

  据报道，使用基于锰卟啉的催化系统的一般催化方法可实现两种不同的反应（点击反应和脱氮环化反应），并提供两种不同类型的氮杂环，即1,5-二取代的1,2,3-三唑（具有吡啶基）和1,2,4-三唑并吡啶。机理研究表明，尽管点击反应可能是通过离子机理进行的，这与传统的点击反应不同，但脱氮环化反应可能是通过亲电子的茂金属中间体而不是金属金属中间体进行的。总体而言，此方法非常高效，与其他方法相比，具有许多优点。例如，2副产品产生气体。
• Iron(II)‐Based Metalloradical Activation: Switch from Traditional Click Chemistry to Denitrogenative Annulation
  作者：Satyajit Roy、Hillol Khatua、Sandip Kumar Das、Buddhadeb Chattopadhyay

  DOI：10.1002/anie.201904702

  日期：2019.8.12

  catalytic amount of Fe(TPP)Cl and Zn dust. The reaction precludes the traditional, more favored click reaction between an organic azide and alkynes, and instead proceeds by an unprecedented metalloradical activation. The method is anticipated to advance access to the construction of important basic nitrogen heterocycles, which will in turn enable discoveries of new drug candidates.

  通过催化量的Fe（TPP）Cl和Zn粉尘发现了1,2,3,4-四唑和炔烃的分子间脱氮环化的独特概念。该反应排除了有机叠氮化物和炔烃之间传统的，更受欢迎的点击反应，而是通过空前的金属-金属活化来进行。预计该方法将促进重要的基本氮杂环的构建，而这反过来又可以发现新的候选药物。
• 1H-1,3-Diazepines, 5H-1,3-diazepines, 1,3-diazepinones, and 2,4-diazabicyclo[3.2.0]heptenes,
  作者：Ales Reisinger、Rainer Koch、Paul V. Bernhardt、Curt Wentrup

  DOI：10.1039/b317099c

  日期：——

  Tetrazolo[1,5-a]pyridines/2-azidopyridines 1 undergo photochemical nitrogen elimination and ring expansion to 1,3-diazacyclohepta-1,2,4,6-tetraenes 3, which react with alcohols to afford 2-alkoxy-1H-1,3-diazepines 4 (5), with secondary amines to 2-dialkylamino-5H-1,3-diazepines 16, sometimes via isolable 2-dialkylamino-1H-1,3-diazepines 15, and with water to 1,3-diazepin-2-ones 19. The latter are also obtained by elimination of isobutene or propene from 2-tert-butoxy- or 2-isopropoxy-1H-1,3-diazepines 4 or 5. 1,3-Diazepin-2-one 22B and 1,3-diazepin-4-one 24 were obtained from hydrolysis of the corresponding 4-chlorodiazepines. Diazepinones 19 undergo photochemical ring closure to diazabicycloheptenones 25 in high yields. The 2-alkoxy-1H-1,3-diazepines 4 and 5 interconvert by rapid proton exchange between positions N1 and N3. The free energies of activation for the proton exchange were measured by the Forsén–Hoffman method as ΔG‡298 = 16.2 ± 0.6 kcal mol−1 as an average for 4a–c in CD2Cl2, acetone-d6, and methanol-d4, and 14.1 ± 0.6 kcal mol−1 for 4c in acetone/D2O. The structures of 2-methoxy-5,6-bis(trifluoromethyl)-1H-1,3-diazepine 4k, 1,2-dihydro-4-diethylamino-5H-1,3-diazepin-2-one 22bB, and diazabicycloheptanone 26 were determined by X-ray crystallography. The former represents the first reported X-ray crystal structure of any monocyclic N-unsubstituted 1H-azepine.

  Tetrazolo[1,5-a]吡啶/2-叠氮吡啶 1 经过光化学氮消除和环扩展，生成 1,3-二氮杂环庚-1,2,4,6-四烯 3，这些化合物与醇反应生成 2-烷氧基-1H-1,3-二氮唑 4 (5)，与二级胺反应生成 2-二烷基氨基-5H-1,3-二氮唑 16，有时通过可分离的 2-二烷基氨基-1H-1,3-二氮唑 15 进行反应，并与水反应生成 1,3-二氮唑-2-酮 19。后者也可通过从 2-叔丁氧基或 2-异丙氧基-1H-1,3-二氮唑 4 或 5 中消除异丁烯或丙烯来获得。1,3-二氮唑-2-酮 22B 和 1,3-二氮唑-4-酮 24 是通过水解相应的 4-氯二氮唑获得的。二氮唑酮 19 经过光化学环闭合生成高产率的二氮杂双环庚酮 25。2-烷氧基-1H-1,3-二氮唑 4 和 5 通过 N1 和 N3 位之间的快速质子交换互变。通过 Forsén–Hoffman 方法测定质子交换的活化自由能为 ΔG‡298 = 16.2 ± 0.6 kcal mol−1，作为 4a–c 在 CD2Cl2、氢代丙酮-d6 和氢代甲醇-d4 中的平均值，4c 在丙酮/D2O 中的值为 14.1 ± 0.6 kcal mol−1。2-甲氧基-5,6-双（三氟甲基）-1H-1,3-二氮唑 4k、1,2-二氢-4-二乙氨基-5H-1,3-二氮唑-2-酮 22bB 和二氮杂双环庚酮 26 的结构通过X射线晶体学确定。前者代表了第一个报道的任何单环 N-未取代 1H-氮唑的 X 射线晶体结构。
• Synthesis of 1H- and 5H-1,3-diazepines from azido- and tetrazolo-pyridines
  作者：Ales Reisinger、Curt Wentrup

  DOI：10.1039/cc9960000813

  日期：——

  Stable 1H-1,3-diazepines 7–9,10,13,14,17 and 19 are obtained, often in high yields, by photolysis of triflouoromethyl-substituted azido- or tetrazolo-pyridines in the presence of alcohols or amines; in some cases 5H-1,3-diazepines are also formed(11,21 and 23).

  稳定的1H-1,3-二氮杂环（7–9,10,13,14,17和19）通常通过在醇类或胺类存在下，对三氟甲基取代的叠氮或四唑吡啶进行光解反应获得，常常可以得到高产率；在某些情况下还会形成5H-1,3-二氮杂环（11,21和23）。
• Trifluoromethyl-substituted dehydrodiazepines and cyanopyrroles from azido-/tetrazolo-pyridines
  作者：Richard A. Evans、Curt Wentrup

  DOI：10.1039/c39920001062

  日期：——

  1,2-Didehydro-1,3-diazepines 4D, 5D, 4,6D and 5,6D are identified as unique products of both photolysis and thermolysis of azido-/tetrazolo-pyridines; the ultimate thermolysis products are trifluoromethylpyrrolecarbonitriles (7–9, 11–13 and 16–18).

  经鉴定，1,2-二氢-1,3-二氮杂卓 4D、5D、4,6D 和 5,6D 是叠氮/四唑吡啶光解和热解的独特产物；最终的热解产物是三氟甲基吡咯碳腈（7-9、11-13 和 16-18）。