5-N-acetylamino-3,4-dihydroxy-4'-methyl-benzophenone | 254912-16-8

• 分子结构分类: 有机化合物 - 苯类化合物 - 苯和取代衍生物
• 英文名称: 5-N-acetylamino-3,4-dihydroxy-4'-methyl-benzophenone
• 英文别名: Acetamide, N-(2,3-dihydroxy-5-(4-methylbenzoyl)phenyl)-；N-[2,3-dihydroxy-5-(4-methylbenzoyl)phenyl]acetamide
• CAS: 254912-16-8
• 化学式: C₁₆H₁₅NO₄
• 分子量: 285.299
• InChiKey: KCPNREDDGPBTBO-UHFFFAOYSA-N

计算性质

• 辛醇/水分配系数(LogP)：
  2.1
• 重原子数：
  21
• 可旋转键数：
  3
• 环数：
  2.0
• sp3杂化的碳原子比例：
  0.12
• 拓扑面积：
  86.6
• 氢给体数：
  3
• 氢受体数：
  4

制备方法与用途

RO-48-2485是一种具有生物活性的化学物质。

反应信息

• 作为产物：
  描述：

  乙酸酐 、 托卡朋 在 palladium on activated charcoal 吡啶 、 环己烯 作用下， 以 乙腈 、 乙醇 、 乙酸乙酯 为溶剂， 反应 6.0h， 以95%的产率得到5-N-acetylamino-3,4-dihydroxy-4'-methyl-benzophenone
  参考文献：
  名称：

  In Vitro Metabolism of Tolcapone to Reactive Intermediates:  Relevance to Tolcapone Liver Toxicity

  摘要：

  Tolcapone is a catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT) inhibitor used for control of motor fluctuations in Parkinson's disease (PD). Since its entry onto the market in 1998, tolcapone has been associated with numerous cases of hepatotoxicity, including three cases of fatal fulminant hepatic failure. The cause of this toxicity is not known; however, it does not occur with the use of the structurally similar drug entacapone. It is known that tolcapone is metabolized to amine (M1) and acetylamine (M2) metabolites in humans, but that the analogous metabolites were not detected in a limited human study of entacapone metabolism. We hypothesized that one or both of these tolcapone metabolites could be oxidized to reactive species and that these reactive metabolites might play a role in tolcapone-induced hepatocellular injury. To investigate this possibility, we examined the ability of M1 and M2 to undergo in vitro bioactivation by electrochemical and enzymatic methods. Electrochemical experiments revealed that M1 and M2 are more easily oxidized than the parent compound, in the order M1 > M2 > tolcapone. There was a general correlation between oxidation potential and the half-lives of the compounds in the presence of two oxidizing systems, horseradish peroxidase and myeloperoxidase. These enzymes catalyzed the oxidation of M1 and M2 to reactive species that could be trapped with glutathione (GSH) to form metabolite adducts (C1 and C2). Each metabolite was found to only form one GSH conjugate, and the structures were tentatively identified using LC-MS/MS. Following incubation of M1 and M2 with human liver microsomes in the presence of GSH, the same adducts were observed, and their structures were confirmed using LC-MS/MS and H-1 NMR. Experiments with chemical P450 inhibitors and cDNA-expressed P450 enzymes revealed that this oxidation is catalyzed by several P450s, and that P450 2E1 and 1A2 play the primary role in the formation of C1 while P450 1A2 is most important for the production of C2. Taken together, these data provide evidence that tolcapone-induced hepatotoxicity may be mediated through the oxidation of the known urinary metabolites M1 and M2 to reactive intermediates. These reactive species may form covalent adducts to hepatic proteins, resulting in damage to liver tissues, although this supposition was not investigated in this study.

  DOI：

  10.1021/tx025569n

文献信息

• In Vitro Metabolism of Tolcapone to Reactive Intermediates:  Relevance to Tolcapone Liver Toxicity
  作者：Kirsten S. Smith、Philip L. Smith、Tiffany N. Heady、Joel M. Trugman、W. Dean Harman、Timothy L. Macdonald

  DOI：10.1021/tx025569n

  日期：2003.2.1

  Tolcapone is a catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT) inhibitor used for control of motor fluctuations in Parkinson's disease (PD). Since its entry onto the market in 1998, tolcapone has been associated with numerous cases of hepatotoxicity, including three cases of fatal fulminant hepatic failure. The cause of this toxicity is not known; however, it does not occur with the use of the structurally similar drug entacapone. It is known that tolcapone is metabolized to amine (M1) and acetylamine (M2) metabolites in humans, but that the analogous metabolites were not detected in a limited human study of entacapone metabolism. We hypothesized that one or both of these tolcapone metabolites could be oxidized to reactive species and that these reactive metabolites might play a role in tolcapone-induced hepatocellular injury. To investigate this possibility, we examined the ability of M1 and M2 to undergo in vitro bioactivation by electrochemical and enzymatic methods. Electrochemical experiments revealed that M1 and M2 are more easily oxidized than the parent compound, in the order M1 > M2 > tolcapone. There was a general correlation between oxidation potential and the half-lives of the compounds in the presence of two oxidizing systems, horseradish peroxidase and myeloperoxidase. These enzymes catalyzed the oxidation of M1 and M2 to reactive species that could be trapped with glutathione (GSH) to form metabolite adducts (C1 and C2). Each metabolite was found to only form one GSH conjugate, and the structures were tentatively identified using LC-MS/MS. Following incubation of M1 and M2 with human liver microsomes in the presence of GSH, the same adducts were observed, and their structures were confirmed using LC-MS/MS and H-1 NMR. Experiments with chemical P450 inhibitors and cDNA-expressed P450 enzymes revealed that this oxidation is catalyzed by several P450s, and that P450 2E1 and 1A2 play the primary role in the formation of C1 while P450 1A2 is most important for the production of C2. Taken together, these data provide evidence that tolcapone-induced hepatotoxicity may be mediated through the oxidation of the known urinary metabolites M1 and M2 to reactive intermediates. These reactive species may form covalent adducts to hepatic proteins, resulting in damage to liver tissues, although this supposition was not investigated in this study.