C8二氢神经酰胺是C8神经酰胺的阴性对照。C8神经酰胺(N-辛酰基-D-红鞘氨醇)是一种天然神经酰胺的细胞渗透性类似物,具有抗增殖特性,并且是一种有效的化疗药物。它还能刺激树突状细胞,在病毒感染时促进T细胞反应。此外,C8神经酰胺在体外能轻微激活蛋白激酶(PKC)。
中文名称 | 英文名称 | CAS号 | 化学式 | 分子量 |
---|---|---|---|---|
N-辛酰基4-羟基鞘氨醇(酿酒酵母) | (1'S,2'S,3'R)-N-[2,3-dihydroxy-1-(hydroxymethyl)heptadecyl]octanamide | 475995-74-5 | C26H53NO4 | 443.711 |
The C4‐hydroxylation of dihydrosphingosine or dihydroceramide is a key reaction in the biosynthesis of phytosphingolipids, both in yeasts and in mammalian cells. Mouse DES2 (mDES2) was recently cloned and shown to work as a Δ4‐desaturase/C4‐hydroxylase, when expressed in yeast cells. Here, we cloned a human homologue of mDES2, hDES2, by homology search utilizing a BLAST program. When expressed in HEK 293 cells, hDES2 exhibited hydroxylase activity for dihydroceramide. Northern blot analyses of hDES2 revealed high expression in skin, intestines, and kidney, sites reportedly possessing high levels of phytosphingolipids. Furthermore, up‐regulation of hDES2 mRNA expression and subsequent phytoceramide production were observed during vitamin C/serum‐induced differentiation of human keratinocytes. These results suggest that the newly cloned hDES2 plays an essential role in phytosphingolipid synthesis in human skin and other phytosphingolipid‐containing tissues.