3'-azido-3'-deoxy-3-methylthymidine | 108441-46-9

• 分子结构分类: 有机化合物 - 核苷、核苷酸和类似物 - 嘧啶核苷
• 英文名称: 3'-azido-3'-deoxy-3-methylthymidine
• 英文别名: 3-methyl-3'-azido-3'-deoxythymidine；N-methyl-3'-azido-thymidine；3MeAZT；1-[(2R,4S,5S)-4-azido-5-(hydroxymethyl)oxolan-2-yl]-3,5-dimethylpyrimidine-2,4-dione
• CAS: 108441-46-9
• 化学式: C₁₁H₁₅N₅O₄
• 分子量: 281.271
• InChiKey: JGCREOPXXXOGBE-DJLDLDEBSA-N

计算性质

• 辛醇/水分配系数(LogP)：
  0.2
• 重原子数：
  20
• 可旋转键数：
  3
• 环数：
  2.0
• sp3杂化的碳原子比例：
  0.64
• 拓扑面积：
  84.4
• 氢给体数：
  1
• 氢受体数：
  6

反应信息

• 作为反应物：
  描述：

  3'-azido-3'-deoxy-3-methylthymidine 在 磷酸三甲酯 、 三丁基焦磷酸铵 、 N,N'-羰基二咪唑 、 三氯氧磷 作用下， 反应 2.5h， 生成 1-氧杂-4-氮杂螺[4.4]壬烷-4-丙腈(9CI)
  参考文献：
  名称：

  Synthesis and Anti-human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1(HIV-1) Activity of 3-Substituted Derivatives of 3'-Azido-3'-deoxythymidine (AZT), and Inhibition of HIV-1 Reverse Transcriptase by Their 5'-Triphosphates.

  摘要：

  通过 3'-azido-3'-deoxythymidine (1)、AZT 与 N, N-二甲基甲酰胺二烷基缩醛或烷基溴在碱存在下的反应，制备了各种 3 取代的 3'-azido-3'-deoxythymidine 类似物（2a-i），并评估了它们对人类免疫缺陷病毒 1 型（HIV-1）的活性。为了研究对 HIV-1 逆转录酶活性的抑制作用，还合成了相应的 5'-三磷酸类似物（9）。超出预期的是，一些 AZT 的 N3 衍生物在一定程度上保留了抗 HIV-1 的活性。在获得的化合物（2a-i）中，3-烯丙基-AZT（2e）对 MT-4 细胞中 HIV-1 的体外复制最有效，EC50 值为 0.9μM。然而，3-烯丙基-AZT 5'-三磷酸酯（9e）对 HIV-1 逆转录酶活性没有抑制作用。

  DOI：

  10.1248/cpb.40.920
• 作为产物：
  描述：

  3'-azido-3'-deoxy-5'-O--3-methylthymidine 在 甲醇 、 Dowex 50WX₂(H⁺) beads 作用下， 以70%的产率得到3'-azido-3'-deoxy-3-methylthymidine
  参考文献：
  名称：

  N- versus O-Alkylation of 2,3'-anhydrothymidine: reaction of the obtained pyrimidinium salts with azide ion

  摘要：

  Reaction of 5'-O-(thexyldimethylsilyl)anhydrothymidine (1) with O-(mesitylenesulfonyl)hydroxylamine and CH3OTf generates the pyrimidinium salts 3a and 3b which react with azide ion to give the N3-substituted AZT derivatives 4a and 4b, respectively. In contrast, alkylation of 1 with pentyl triflate occurs at both the N3 and 04 positions leading, after treatment with NaN3, to the expected AZT analog 4d and the novel 3-substituted 2,3-dideoxyxylofuranosyl azide 7d. In a further study, the extent to which competing 04-alkylation occurs was found to be sensitive to steric factors, increasing in the order MeOTf < EtOTf < pentyl OTf < i-PrOTf. Formation of the alternate 04-alkylated AZT derivatives 9 via an intramolecular Hilbert-Johnson process was not observed in these reactions. It was demonstrated, however, that reaction of the intermediate O4-alkylated pyridinium salt 6c with Me4NCl does evolve toward the corresponding C-3' chloro compound 14c. Reaction of 1 with the less reactive alkylating agent (EtO)2P(O)CH2OTf is more complicated producing the O-alkylated product 7f and the novel dimer 19.

  DOI：

  10.1021/jo00063a021

文献信息

• Metal-Free Route for the Synthesis of 4-Acyl-1,2,3-Triazoles from Readily Available Building Blocks
  作者：Joice Thomas、Vince Goyvaerts、Sandra Liekens、Wim Dehaen

  DOI：10.1002/chem.201601928

  日期：2016.7.11

  describe a practical and efficient one‐pot multicomponent reaction for the synthesis of α‐ketotriazoles from readily available building blocks such as methyl ketones, N,N‐dimethylformamide dimethyl acetal, and organic azides with 100 % regioselectivity. This reaction is enabled by the in situ formation of an enaminone intermediate followed by its 1,3‐dipolar cycloaddition reaction with an organic azide

  官能化的1,2,3-三唑杂环已为人们所知，由来已久，并且在从药物化学到材料科学的各种研究领域中都具有非凡的潜力。但是，对治疗重要的1取代的4酰基1H-1，2，3-三唑的研究范围很少，这可能是由于缺乏具有良好范围和实用性的合成方法所致。在这里，我们描述了一种实用且有效的单锅多组分反应，用于从易于获得的结构单元（如甲基酮，N，N）合成α-酮三唑‐二甲基甲酰胺二甲基乙缩醛，以及具有100％区域选择性的有机叠氮化物。此反应可通过原位形成烯胺酮中间体，然后与有机叠氮化物进行1,3-偶极环加成反应来实现。我们有效地利用了开发的策略来衍生化各种杂环和天然产物，该协议很难或不可能通过其他方式实现。
• Investigation of reactions postulated to occur during inhibition of ribonucleotide reductases by 2′-azido-2′-deoxynucleotides
  作者：Thao P. Dang、Adam J. Sobczak、Alexander M. Mebel、Chryssostomos Chatgilialoglu、Stanislaw F. Wnuk

  DOI：10.1016/j.tet.2012.04.050

  日期：2012.7

  Reduction of the azido group occurred to give 3′-amino-3′-deoxythymidine, which was postulated to occur with thiyl radicals generated by treatment of 3′-azido-3′-deoxy-5′-O-(2,3-dimercaptopropanoyl)thymidine with 2,2′-azobis-(2-methyl-2-propionamidine) dihydrochloride. Gamma radiolysis of N2O-saturated aqueous solutions of AZT and cysteine produced 3′-amino-3′-deoxythymidine and thymine most likely by

  合成在 C2' 或 C5' 具有硫醇或连位二硫醇取代基的模型 3'-叠氮基-3'-脱氧核苷，以研究假定在 2'-叠氮基-2'-脱氧核苷酸抑制核糖核苷酸还原酶过程中发生的反应。5'-(叔丁基二苯基甲硅烷基)-3'-叠氮基-3'-脱氧腺苷和 3'-叠氮基-3'-脱氧胸苷 (AZT) 与2,3- S-异亚丙基-2,3-二巯基丙酸或N 的酯化- Boc - S -trityl-L-cysteine 和脱保护得到 3'-azido-3'-deoxy-2'- O -(2,3- dimercaptopropanoyl orcysteinyl )adenosine 和 3'-azido-3'-deoxy- 5′- O-(2,3-二巯基丙酰基或半胱氨酰基)胸苷类似物。密度泛函计算预测，生成的硫自由基与此类模型化合物上的叠氮基之间的分子内反应将放热 33.6-41.2 kcal/mol，并且具有 10.4-13
• 3′-Substituted pyrimidines via alkylation-opening of 2,3′-cyclothymidine
  作者：Ashis K. Saha、Wayne Schairer、Donald A. Upson

  DOI：10.1016/s0040-4039(00)61346-1

  日期：1993.1

  Substituted thymidine derivatives are of interest because of their potential antiviral properties. We demonstrate a general strategy for synthesis of 3′-substituted thymidine derivatives, consisting of activation via N-3 alkylation of 2,3′-cyclothymidine followed by nucleophilic opening at the 3′-position. Examples include demonstration of carbon-carbon bond formation at the 3′-position.

  取代的胸苷衍生物因其潜在的抗病毒特性而受到关注。我们证明了合成3'-取代的胸苷衍生物的一般策略，包括通过2，3'-环胸腺嘧啶的N-3烷基化，然后在3'-位置进行亲核开口，进行活化。示例包括在3'-位形成碳-碳键的证明。
• Therapeutic nucleosides
  申请人：Burroughs Wellcome Co.

  公开号：US05064946A1

  公开（公告）日：1991-11-12

  Several novel 3-azido-2,3-dideoxy-.beta.-D-erythro-pentofuranosyl derivatives of substituted pyrimidinones having antiretroviral, especially anti-AIDS, activity are described.

  本文介绍了几种新型的3-叠氮基-2,3-二去氧-β-D-鼠李糖-戊糖衍生物，这些衍生物是取代嘧啶酮的抗逆转录病毒，特别是抗艾滋病活性。
• Preparation and Anti-HIV Activity of N-3-Substituted Thymidine Nucleoside Analogs
  作者：David R. Adams、Caroline Perez、Michel Maillard、Jean-Claude Florent、Michel Evers、Yvette Hénin、Simon Litvak、Laura Litvak、Claude Monneret、David S. Grierson

  DOI：10.1021/jm9600095

  日期：1997.5.1

  A series of 22 derivatives of AZT substituted at the N-3 position of the thymine base were prepared and evaluated for anti-HIV activity in cell culture (Lai strain of HIV-1 in CEM-c113 cells). The AZT analogs bearing a N-3 amino group (7), a hydroxyalkyl chain (12f), and a phosphonomethyl (12k) substituent displayed activities in the 0.045-0.082 mu M range. The analogs 12d, 12e, 12q, 15, and 19 were active at <0.5 mu M concentration. Compound 18 in which two molecules of AZT are connected at N-3 via a two-carbon link and ''dimer'' II also displayed significant; activity. To obtain information concerning the mechanism of RT inhibition by these AZT analogs, compounds 7, 12d, 12e, and 12q were incubated with recombinant HIV-1 RT in the presence of poly(A)-oligo[dT((12-18))] and poly(C)-oligo[dG((12-18))] template-primers. In contrast to AZT-TP (control), none of these nucleosides displayed any significant inhibition of RT in the recombinant enzyme assay, indicating that phosphorylation is a necessary prerequiste for activity.