Structure-activity studies on benzhydrol-containing nipecotic acid and guvacine derivatives as potent, orally-active inhibitors of GABA uptake
摘要:
The introduction of lipophilic groups onto the ring nitrogen of nipecotic acid and guvacine, two known GABA uptake inhibitors, afforded potent, orally-active anticonvulsant drugs. A series of compounds is reported which explores the structure-activity relationships (SAR) in this series. Among the areas explored: side-chain SAR (aromatic-, heterocyclic-, and tricyclic-containing side chains) and modifications to the tetrahydropyridine ring. The benzhydrol ether-containing side chains afforded the most potent compounds with several exhibiting in vitro IC50 values for GABA uptake of <1 muM (including 5, Table 1; 37, 43, Table IV; and 44, Table V). Compound 44 was selected for extensive evaluation and subsequently progressed to Phase 1 clinical trials with severe adverse effects seen after single dose administration to humans.
Synthesis of Unsymmetrical Arylheteroarylmethanes by Direct “On Water” Cross-Coupling between Benzylic and Heteroaromatic Halides
作者:Valeria Krasovskaya、Arkady Krasovskiy、Bruce H. Lipshutz
DOI:10.1002/asia.201100153
日期:2011.8.1
Walking on water: Pharmacologically important unsymmetricalarylheteroarylmethanes are prepared by simple palladium‐catalyzed zinc‐mediated Negishi‐like cross‐couplings in good yields. This reaction tolerates various benzylic chlorides and heteroaromatic bromides “on water” and at room temperature.
photoredox catalysis. Mechanistic studies suggest that the observed selectivity was due to different active states of Ni(I) and Ni(0) modulated by Ru- and Ir-based photoredox catalysts, respectively. The ability to access different organometallic oxidation states via photoredox catalysis promises to inspire new perspectives for synergistic transition-metal-catalyzed divergent synthesis.
Mechanism of the Solution-Phase Reaction of Alkyl Sulfides with Atomic Hydrogen. Reduction via a 9-S-3 Radical Intermediate
作者:Dennis D. Tanner、Sudha Koppula、Pramod Kandanarachchi
DOI:10.1021/jo9615615
日期:1997.6.1
alkyl sulfide fragmentation subsequent to its reaction with atomichydrogen is indicative of a reaction that proceeds via an early transition state. The competitive reduction of a series of substituted-benzyl alkyl sulfides was insensitive to the substituent on the aromatic ring (rho = -0.13, r = 0.99). The relative rates of fragmentation of a series of the substituted-benzyl alkyl sulfides gave a
An unprecedented oxidative intermolecular homo coupling reaction between two sp3C–sp3C centers under metal-free condition
作者:Santosh K. Sahoo
DOI:10.1016/j.tetlet.2016.06.092
日期:2016.8
An unprecedented formation of benzylic sp3C–sp3C coupled dibenzylic products has been illustrated. The reactions have been carried out in the presence of three oxidizing reagents, i.e., diacetoxy-iodobenzene (IBDA), N-fluorobenzenesulfonimide (NFSI), and pyridine (Py) using toluene derivatives.
New Preparation of Benzylic Aluminum and Zinc Organometallics by Direct Insertion of Aluminum Powder
作者:Tobias D. Blümke、Klaus Groll、Konstantin Karaghiosoff、Paul Knochel
DOI:10.1021/ol202733v
日期:2011.12.16
benzylic aluminum sesquichlorides under mild conditions (THF, 20 °C, 3–24 h) without homocoupling (<5%). These new benzylic organometallics reacted smoothly with various electrophiles (Pd-catalyzed cross-couplings, or Cu-mediated acylations, allylations, or 1,4-addition reactions). Electron-poor benzylic chlorides or substrates prone to Wurtz coupling can be converted to benzylic zinccompounds by the