Dihydropyridines as inhibitors of capacitative calcium entry in leukemic HL-60 cells
摘要:
A series of 1,4-dihydropyridines (DHPs) were investigated as inhibitors of capacitative calcium influx through store-operated calcium (SOC) channels. Such channels activate after ATP-elicited release of inositol trisphosphate (IP3)-sensitive calcium stores in leukemia HL-60 cells. The most potent DHPs were those containing a 4-phenyl group with an electron-withdrawing substituent, such as m- or p-nitro- or in-trifluoromethyl (IC50 values: 3-6 muM). Benzyl esters, corresponding to the usual ethyl/methyl esters of the DHPs developed as L-type calcium channel blockers, retained potency at SOC channels, as did N-substituted DHPs. N-Methylation reduced by orders of magnitude the potency at L-type channels resulting in DHPs nearly equipotent at SOC and L-type channels. DHPs with N-ethyl, N-allyl, and N-propargyl groups also had similar potencies at SOC and L-type channels. Replacement of the usual 6-methyl group of DHPs with larger groups, such as cyclobutyl or phenyl, eliminated activity at the SOC channels; such DHPs instead elicited formation of inositol phosphates and release of IP3-sensitive calcium stores. Other DHPs also caused a release of calcium stores, but usually at significantly higher concentrations than those required for the inhibition of capacitative calcium influx. Certain DHPs appeared to cause an incomplete blockade of SOC channel-dependent elevations of calcium, suggesting the presence of more than one class of such channels in HL-60 cells. N-Methylnitrendipine (IC50 2.6 muM, MRS 1844) and N-propargylnifrendipine (IC50 1.7 muM, MRS 1845) represent possible lead compounds for the development of selective SOC channel inhibitors. Published by Elsevier Science Inc.
Unsymmetrical esters of N-substituted 1,4-dihydropyridine
申请人:Bayer Aktiengesellschaft
公开号:US03933834A1
公开(公告)日:1976-01-20
Unsymmetrical esters of N-substituted 4-substituted-1,4-dihydropyridine 3,5-dicarboxylic acid substituted in the 4-position by pyridyl, thienyl, furyl and pyrryl and optionally substituted in the 2- and 6-positions by lower alkyl. The products can be prepared (A) through condensation of an ylidene-.beta.-ketocarboxylic acid ester, with a .beta.-ketocarboxylic acid ester and an amine or salt thereof, or with an enamino carboxylic acid ester or (B) through condensation of an aldehyde, an enamino carboxylic acid ester and a .beta.-ketocarboxylic acid ester. The said products have utility as cardiovascular agents.