AbstractWe report novel cyanoacrylamide derivatives bearing the pyrazole moiety. The molecular structures of the prepared cyanoacrylamides were confirmed by the different spectral tools such as NMR, IR, and elemental analyses. The anticancer effect of all the newly prepared cyanoacrylamides was studied against four cancer cell lines (HEPG2, MCF7, PACA2, and PC3) as well as the normal cell line (BJ1). The best cytotoxic effect was shown against PC3, where compounds 5f and 5i revealed promising IC50 values (11.7 and 66.8 µM) respectively compared to doxorubicin (43.8 µM). In addition, the effective compounds were screened against a normal BJ1 cell line, which showed promising selectivity against PC3 and moderate selectivity toward MCF7 cells. The molecular docking study showed the affinities of compounds 5c and 5d toward STAT1 protein and compound 5i toward KRAS with promising energy scores. The subsequent molecular experiments were studied on compounds 5b, 5c, 5d, 5f, and 5i. Quantitative Real-time-PCR revealed that the expression of RBL2 and STAT2 genes were down-regulated in 5c and 5d treated MCF7 cells much lower than the other treated MCF7 samples. Also, the expression level of KRAS and SMAD genes was determined, which revealed the significant down-regulation of them in compounds 5f and 5i treated PC3 cells. The percentages of DNA damage were raised significantly in all treated MCF7 and PC3 samples as compared to the negative control, and the highest percentages were for compounds 5c and 5d treated MCF7 cells.
Graphical Abstract
摘要 我们报告了含有吡唑分子的新型氰基丙烯酰胺衍生物。所制备的氰基丙烯酰胺的分子结构通过核磁共振、红外光谱和元素分析等不同光谱工具得到了证实。研究了所有新制备的氰基丙烯酰胺对四种癌细胞株(HEPG2、MCF7、PACA2 和 PC3)以及正常细胞株(BJ1)的抗癌效果。与多柔比星(43.8 µM)相比,化合物 5f 和 5i 显示出良好的 IC50 值(分别为 11.7 和 66.8 µM)。此外,还针对正常的 BJ1 细胞系对有效化合物进行了筛选,结果表明这些化合物对 PC3 细胞具有良好的选择性,对 MCF7 细胞具有中等程度的选择性。分子对接研究表明,化合物 5c 和 5d 与 STAT1 蛋白有亲和力,化合物 5i 与 KRAS 有亲和力,且能量得分很高。随后对化合物 5b、5c、5d、5f 和 5i 进行了分子实验研究。Real-time-PCR 定量分析显示,在 5c 和 5d 处理的 MCF7 细胞中,RBL2 和 STAT2 基因的表达下调,远低于其他处理的 MCF7 样品。此外,还测定了 KRAS 和 SMAD 基因的表达水平,结果显示,在 5f 和 5i 复合物处理的 PC3 细胞中,这两个基因的表达明显下调。与阴性对照组相比,所有经处理的 MCF7 和 PC3 样本中 DNA 损伤的百分比都明显升高,其中经化合物 5c 和 5d 处理的 MCF7 细胞中 DNA 损伤的百分比最高。
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