Study of the Atmospheric Chemistry of 2-Formylcinnamaldehyde
摘要:
2-Formylcinnamaldehyde is a significant product of the reaction of naphthalene with OH radicals, and its photolysis and gas-phase reactions with O-3, NO3 radicals, and OH radicals have been investigated in this work. 2-Formylcinnamaldehyde was observed to undergo photolysis by black lamps, with a photolysis rate of 0.14 x J(NO2), where J(NO2) is the NO2 photolysis rate. The measured rate constants for the reactions of 2-formylcinnamaldehyde with O-3, NO3 radicals, and OH radicals (in units of cm(3) molecule(-1) s(-1)) were 1.8 x 10(-18), 4.3 x 10(-14), and 2.1 x 10(-11), respectively, with those for the O-3 and NO3 reactions being for the E-isomer. 2-Formylcinnamaldehyde was observed to undergo significant adsorption and desorption from the reaction chamber Teflon film walls, and the photolysis rate and rate constants are subject to significant uncertainties. In the atmosphere, the dominant chemical loss processes for 2-formylcinnamaldehyde will be photolysis during daylight hours and reaction with NO3 radicals during nighttime. Phthaldialdehyde and glyoxal were observed as products of the OH radical and O-3 reactions, and photolysis of E-2-formylcinnamaldehyde led to formation of Z-2-formylcinnamaldehyde plus two other molecular weight 160 isomers. The present results are compared with previous literature data, and reaction mechanisms are discussed.
Reaction of Naphthalene and Its Derivatives with Hydroxyl Radicals in the Gas Phase
摘要:
Naphthalene is the most abundant polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) found in urban air. It is reactive in the atmosphere under ambient conditions, its chief reaction partner being the hydroxyl radical, OH.. In this work, the reactions of OH. with naphthalene, 1- and 2-naphthol, and 1- and 2-nitronaphthalene were studied in a 9.4 m(3) smog chamber. Relative rates of reaction accorded well with previous studies and allowed estimates to be made of the atmospheric lifetimes of these compounds. Numerous oxidation products were identified, and mechanisms proposed for their formation were based on the further transformation of benzocyclohexadienyl radicals formed by addition of OH. to naphthalene. The naphthols and nitronaphthalenes were deduced not to be on the major reaction pathway to the more oxidized products. Because of the high reactivity of PAH in air, we suggest that priority be given to identifying and quantitating their reaction products, some of which may be relatively persistent air toxics.
Simple One-pot Conversion of Aldehydes and Ketones to Enals
作者:Petr Valenta、Natalie A. Drucker、Jeffrey W. Bode、Patrick J. Walsh
DOI:10.1021/ol9005757
日期:2009.5.21
A simple and efficient method to convert aldehydes into α,β-unsaturated aldehydes with a two-carbon homologation is presented. Hydroboration of ethoxy acetylene with BH3·SMe2 generates tris(ethoxyvinyl) borane. Transmetalation with diethylzinc, addition to aldehydes or ketones, and acidic workup affords enals. When the addition is quenched with anilinium hydrochloride, 1,2-dithioglycol, or acetic anhydride
The reaction of aryl iodides and bromides with acrolein diethyl acetal in the presence of Pd(OAc)(2), (n)()Bu(4)NOAc, K(2)CO(3), KCl, and DMF, at 90 degrees C until the disappearance of the acetal followed by the addition of 2 N HCl to the crude reaction mixture, affords cinnamaldehydes in good to high yields. A variety of functional groups are tolerated in the aryl halides, including ether, aldehyde
芳基碘化物和溴化物与丙烯醛二乙缩醛在Pd(OAc)(2),(n)()Bu(4)NOAc,K(2)CO(3),KCl和DMF存在下的反应,于90直至乙缩醛消失,然后向粗制反应混合物中加入2 N HCl,可以得到高至高收率的肉桂醛。芳基卤化物中可耐受多种官能团,包括醚,醛,酮,酯,二烷基氨基,腈基和硝基。靠近氧化加成位点的取代基的存在不妨碍反应。
1H-pyrrole-2,4-dicarbonyl-derivatives and their use as flavoring agents
申请人:IMAX Discovery GmbH
公开号:EP2832233A1
公开(公告)日:2015-02-04
The present invention primarily relates to 1H-pyrrole-2,4-dicarbonyl-derivatives of Formula (I) wherein R1, R2, R3, Z. Z' and J are as defined in the description, to mixtures thereof and to the use thereof as flavoring agents. The compounds in accordance with the present invention are suitable for producing, imparting, or intensifying an umami flavor. The invention further relates to flavoring mixtures, compositions for oral consumption as well as ready-to-eat, ready-to-use and semifinished products, comprising an effective amount of the compound of Formula (I) or of a mixture of compounds of Formula (I) and to specific methods for producing, imparting, modifying and/or intensifying specific flavor impressions.
Imidazo[1,2-a]pyridine-ylmethyl-derivatives and their use as flavoring agents
申请人:IMAX Discovery GmbH
公开号:EP2832234A1
公开(公告)日:2015-02-04
The present invention primarily relates to imidazo[1,2-a]pyridine-ylmethyl-derivatives of Formula (I) wherein R1, R2, X, W e J are as defined in the description, to mixtures thereof and to the use thereof as flavoring agents. The compounds in accordance with the present invention are suitable for producing, imparting, or intensifying an umami flavor. The invention further relates to flavoring mixtures, compositions for oral consumption as well as ready-to-eat, ready-to-use and semifinished products, comprising an effective amount of the compound of Formula (I) and to specific methods for producing, imparting, modifying and/or intensifying specific flavor impressions.
[EN] PRODRUGS OF PHENOLIC TRPV1 AGONISTS<br/>[FR] PROMÉDICAMENTS D'AGONISTES DU TRPV1 PHÉNOLIQUE
申请人:CONCENTRIC ANALGESICS INC
公开号:WO2017147146A1
公开(公告)日:2017-08-31
Described herein are compounds, pharmaceutical compositions and medicaments that include such compounds, and methods of using such compounds to modulate transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 receptor (TRPV1) activity.